郝冬雪　陈榕　刘卫星　曾聪　李杰

摘  要：高等教育通过通识课、专业课及实践等环节的学习及训练以培养学生实践、创新、自主学习、表达等各种能力。然而高等教育教学的效果是否得到很高认可及有关认可度的规律性调查较少。文章以某省属重点大学土木工程专业学生为调查对象，对专业课程教学与能力培养的关系进行了初步的调查。结果表明，高等教育对象有强烈的提高能力的需求;课程设计、实习、实验环节对能力的提高起主要作用;高等教育能够提高学生各方面的能力，主要集中在自认大学前能力一般的人群中，对于原本能力强和能力不足的同学，高等教育教学对其影响很小。

关键词：高等教育;教学;能力培养;相关性调查

中图分类号：G642       文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）10-0193-04

Abstract： Higher education can cultivate students' abilities of practice， innovation， active learning and expression through the learning and training of general courses， professional courses and practice. However， there is less investigation on whether the teaching effect of higher education is highly recognized or not and the regular investigation on the recognition degree. In this paper， the relationship between professional courses teaching and ability training is investigated through juniors and seniors of civil engineering in a provincial key university. The results show that the survey objects have strong needs to improve their ability. Curriculum design， practice and experiment play an important role in the improvement of students' ability. Higher education can improve students' ability in all aspects， mainly concentrated in the group of people who think that their ability is ordinary before university. And higher education teaching has little influence on them for the students with strong ability and insufficient ability.

Keywords： higher education; teaching; ability cultivating; correlation investigation

引言

高等教育貴在培养学生能力，对于应用型本科院校的人才培养紧密围绕行业发展，以技术应用为核心，强化学生综合和灵活运用知识和技术的能力、创新能力、社会适应能力、团队协作能力等[1-2]。针对高等教育人才培养模式分析、教学及实践的改革较多[3-8]。马陆亭[3]分析了我国高等教育人才培养模式不足的原因，并指出解决问题的关键。赵丽华等[4-6]针对应用型本科教学评价、课程考核改革等进行了探讨。吴锦武[7-8]等针对人才创新能力培养进行探索与实践。多数教学改革针对某门课程或课程组系列课程进行了实践，仅限于短期效果分析，对于改革所带来的中及长期成效，尤其对学生能力提高的调查较少。……