理性思维视域下初中物理概念教学
2021-06-15张震
张震
【摘 要】初中物理概念教学,应突出物理概念的学科本质,凸显概念形成过程中的科学思维,将教学建立在比较充分的理性思考的基础之上,使学生在理解、质疑、批判与重构中建构对新的物理概念深刻、正确的理解,发展其物理思维,提升物理学科核心素养。文章以“升华和凝华”教学为例,探讨了理性思维视域下初中物理概念教学。
【关键词】理性思维;物理;概念教学
中图分类号:G633.7 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0493-2099(2021)14-0110-02
Physics Concept Teaching in Junior Middle School From the Perspective of Rational Thinking
——On "Sublimation and Sublimation" Teaching as An Example
(Hailing Middle School, Hai'an City, Jiangsu Province,China) ZHANG Zhen
【Abstract】The teaching of physics concepts in junior high schools should highlight the disciplinary nature of physics concepts, highlight the scientific thinking in the process of concept formation, and build teaching on the basis of relatively sufficient rational thinking, so that students can construct the right way in understanding, questioning, criticism and reconstruction.Profound and correct understanding of new physics concepts, develop their physical thinking, and improve the core literacy of physics.Taking the teaching of "sublimation and sublimation" as an example, this article discusses the teaching of physics concepts in junior high schools from the perspective of rational thinking.
【Keywords】Rational thinking; Physics; Concept teaching
一、借助生活經验,引出物理概念,唤醒学生理性思维
教学中教师要利用学生熟悉的生活现象、并将情境与问题有机结合起来,为理性思维创造一个生长机遇,让学生的好奇心被调动起来,产生求知愤懑感,激活学生理性思维。如“升华和凝华”一课,在引入教学内容之前,笔者先借助多媒体展示日常生活中的一些现象。现象一:冬天,挂在室外潮湿的衣服中的水结成了冰,可是,冰冻的衣服干了。现象二:寒冷的冬天,早晨站在窗前,看到屋外的物体上经常会挂着一层霜。现象三:家庭衣柜中,人们会放一些樟脑球,随着时间的推移,樟脑球逐渐变小,到最后不见了。在学生观看这些现象,生发出惊讶之态时,因势提出问题:为什么冰冻的衣服也会干?室外物体上的霜是哪里来的?衣柜中的樟脑球去了哪里?在此基础上,让学生结合自己所学的知识,调动生活经验,提出自己的猜想。然后教师利用投影仪揭示答案:冰升华为水蒸气;水蒸气直接凝华成小冰粒(霜);樟脑球升华变为蒸气。……
