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陕西特色臊子肉特征香气物质解析

2021-05-17齐李歌杨宪东高振鹏岳田利王周利

肉类研究 2021年2期
关键词:气相色谱

齐李歌 杨宪东 高振鹏 岳田利 王周利

摘 要:采用固相微萃取(solid-phase microextraction,SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)技术分析陕西地区市售11 种臊子肉挥发性成分,通过对重要香气成分进行定性及定量分析,并结合香气活度值(odor activity value,OAV)分析市售臊子肉的特征香气成分。结果表明:通过SPME-GC-MS

方法分析得到11 份臊子肉样品中挥发性香气物质包括醇类、醛类、酸类、酮类、酯类、醚类、萜烯类和杂环类化合物;选取18 种OAV大于10的挥发性香气成分和乙酸作为臊子肉产品特征香气组分,其中醛类有9 种,分别为乙醛、戊醛、己醛、庚醛、壬醛、癸醛、2-甲基丙醛、2-甲基丁醛和3-甲基丁醛;酸类物质和醇类物质均为2 种,分别为乙酸、丁酸和 1-庚醇、芳樟醇;杂环类物质1 种,为2-戊基呋喃;5 种萜烯类化合物分别为α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、月桂烯、3-蒈烯和柠檬烯;醚类化合物为草蒿脑。

关键词:臊子肉;香气成分分析;气相色谱-质谱法;香气活度值;特征香气成分

Analysis of Characteristic Aroma Substances of Shaanxi Featured Diced Meat

QI Lige, YANG Xiandong, GAO Zhenpeng, YUE Tianli, WANG Zhouli*

(College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China)

Abstract: The volatile components of 11 samples of diced meat available on the market in Shaanxi province were detected by solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the major aroma components were qualified and quantitated. The characteristic aroma components were identified by odor activity values (OAVs). The results showed that the volatile aroma substances identified were alcohols, aldehydes, acids, ketones, esters, ethers, terpenes and heterocyclic compounds. A total of 18 volatile aroma components with OAVs greater than

10 and acetic acid were selected as the characteristic aroma components, including nine aldehydes, namely acetaldehyde, valeraldehyde, hexanal, heptanal, nonanal, decanal, 2-methylpropanal, 2-methylbutanal and 3-methylbutanal; two acids, acetic acid and butyric acid; two alcohols, 1-heptanol and linalool; one heterocyclic substance, 2-pentyl furan; five terpene compounds, α-pinene and β-pinene, myrcene, 3-carene and limonene; and one ether compound, estragole.

Keywords: diced meat; aroma component analysis; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; odor activity value; characteristic aroma components

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210118-012

中圖分类号:TS251.6                                       文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)02-0025-06

引文格式:

齐李歌, 杨宪东, 高振鹏, 等. 陕西特色臊子肉特征香气物质解析[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(2): 25-30. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210118-012.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

QI Lige, YANG Xiandong, GAO Zhenpeng, et al. Analysis of characteristic aroma substances of Shaanxi featured diced meat[J]. Meat Research, 2021, 35(2): 25-30. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210118-012.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

猪肉在我国肉类生产、消费中长期占据主要组成部分。如今,人民生活水平日益提高,食品安全意识也逐渐增强,消费者对猪肉产品提出了更高的要求[1]。人们使用油炸制作胙肉,逐渐形成了臊子肉成熟的制作工艺。臊子肉是陕西关中地区传统特色肉制品,其历史悠久,风味独特,市场需求也日益增加,人们已不单单使用臊子肉进行传统烹调,而是更加追求其营养性[2]。

杨嗣真等[2]通过单因素试验和正交试验优化臊子肉加工工艺。……

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