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气相色谱—质谱法测定肉制品中的9种挥发性N—亚硝胺类物质

2015-04-08何淑娟等

肉类研究 2015年1期
关键词:固相萃取

何淑娟等

摘 要:研究建立一种适用于肉制品中9 种挥发性N-亚硝胺含量的气质联用快速检测方法。实验优化提取溶剂和色谱柱对提取和分离检测影响的条件,同时考察4 种固相萃取单柱(酸性氧化铝、C18、活性炭、PSA)和1种双填料的混合固相萃取柱(PSA-C18)的净化效果。结果表明:本检测方法的线性系数均可达到0.999 2以上;线性范围为0~10 μg/mL;重现性良好,相对标准方差均≤3.2%;回收率为85%~98%;检测限分别为N-亚硝基二甲基胺

1.0 μg/kg、N-亚硝基甲基乙基胺2.1 μg/kg、N-亚硝基二丁基胺0.8 μg/kg;其他均为0.5 μg/kg。该方法能够满足测定肉及肉制品中N-亚硝胺的残留含量的需要。

关键词:气质联用;肉制品;N-亚硝胺;固相萃取

Determination of Nine N-Nitrosocompounds in Meat Products by Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry

HE Shujuan, ZHAO Limin, LI Qiang, CAI Lipeng, ZHANG Yan*

(Hebei Institute of Food Quality Supervision Research, Shijiazhuang 050091, China)

Abstract: This research has established a rapid detection method for nine volatile N-nitrosamines in meat and meat products by using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this experiment, we investigated the effect of extraction solvent type and chromatographic conditions on the extraction and separation of the target compounds. Meanwhile, comparison of solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges packed with acidic alumina, C18, activated carbon or PSA, or both C18 and PSA was carried out for the purification of the N-nitrosamines. Results showed that the linear range of the proposed method was

0?10 μg/mL with correlation coefficients more than 0.999 2. Good reproducibility was observed with relative standard deviation (RSD) not exceeding 3.2% and the mean recoveries were in the range of 85%?98%. The detection limits for N-nitrosodimethyl amine (NDMA), N-nitrosomethyl ethyl amine (NMEA), N-nitro sodibutyl amine (NDBA) and six other N-nitrosamines were 1.0, 2.1, 0.8 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. This method can meet the requirement for the determination of N-nitrosamine residues in meat and meat products.

Key words: gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); meat products; N-nitrosamines; solid phase extraction

中图分类号:TS254 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2015)01-0027-04

doi: 10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201501007

亚硝酸盐在肉制品加工中起到很好的作用,不仅可以抑制梭状肉毒杆菌的生长繁殖和产生毒素,对典型腌肉风味的产生起重要作用,还具有抗氧化的效果。但是,亚硝酸盐在腌肉中可以转化为亚硝酸,很容易和次级胺类物质反应产生致癌性物N-亚硝胺类化合物。N-亚硝胺物质一般结构为R2(R1)N—N=O,食品中N-亚硝胺主要在食品加工和贮藏过程中形成,常见于腌制、烟熏、焙烤等制品中。N-亚硝胺类化合物不仅具有致畸性和致突变性,而且对神经和肾脏有害[1-8]。

目前用于检测食品中的亚硝胺的前处理方法有很多,包括水蒸气蒸馏法[9-10]、低温真空蒸馏法[11]、溶剂液液萃取法[12]及固相萃取法[13]等。由于肉类食品的基质复杂性和食品中亚硝胺逐渐下降的趋势[14-15],因此合适的前处理提取方法对准确检测亚硝胺至关重要。……

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