王东云，张水潮，高有堂，薛冬梅，宋家友，徐源，梁明亮

摘  要：学科竞赛作为培养大学生独立思考、研判分析、规划设计、创新思维和团队合作等能力培养的重要载体，不断地推进高校人才培养和教育教学的改革。课题组研究人员在深入研究各类学科竞赛知识体系和竞赛元素基础上，梳理出学科理论型竞赛、学科应用型竞赛、创新创业实践型竞赛三大类型，汇集河南省和兄弟省份高校的学科竞赛成果和有效数据，列出了学科竞赛主要需要知识元素和能力构成矩阵列表，得到分析问题、独立思考、社会责任、拓宽视野、奠定基础、激发兴趣、沟通协调、设计开发、研判分析、创新能力、团队合作、前沿探索12项能力竞赛知识元素。然后根据竞赛元素对能力提升的贡献度和知识覆盖面，融入各个教学环节，实现了“1133”引入学科竞赛知识元素的理论教学和实践教学的深度改革。最终完成社会型、应用型、创新型和工程型人才培养目标和12条毕业要求，实现了以学生为中心、结果为导向和持续改进的人才培养目标。

关键词：学科竞赛;知识元素;教学改革;研究与探索

中图分类号：G642 文献标志码：A          文章编号：2096-000X（2021）32-0001-08

Abstract： As an important carrier of cultivating college students' abilities such as independent thinking， research， analysis， planning and design， innovative ability and team cooperation， the subject contest is constantly pushing forward the reform of talent cultivation and teaching in colleges and universities. On the basis of in-depth study of the knowledge system and competition elements of various disciplines， the researchers of the research group have sorted out three types of disciplines： theoretical competition， applied competition， and practical competition of innovation and entrepreneurship， and this paper brings together the achievements and effective data of the subject competition of the universities in Henan Province and its sister provinces， and lists the main knowledge elements and ability composition matrix of the subject competition， which has 12 competitive knowledge elements such as broadening vision， analyzing problems， independent thinking， social responsibility， laying foundation， stimulating interest， communication and coordination， design and development， innovation and entrepreneurship， research and analysis， innovation ability， team cooperation and frontier exploration. Then， according to the contribution degree and knowledge coverage of competition elements to the improvement of ability， it integrates each teaching link and realizes the deep reform of theory teaching and practice teaching of "1133" introducing subject competition knowledge elements. Finally， the goal of cultivating social， applied， innovative and engineering talents and 12 graduation requirements have been met， and the goal of cultivating students-centered， result-oriented and continuous improvement has been realized.

Keywords： subject contest; knowledge element; teaching reform; research and exploration

大學生学科竞赛作为培养大学生创新精神、创新能力和团队合作意识的有效途径和重要载体，在创新人才培养中发挥越来越重要的作用[1]。通过竞赛的形式考察学生的实际分析问题、解决问题的能力，培养学生的创新意识和竞争实力、科学严谨的态度和勇于探索的精神，促使学生在学习过程中能不断地分析问题、推理推测、领悟知识，形成不怕困难努力攻关的顽强意识[2]。……