互联网+居家护理改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼吸功能的效果

2021-10-09彭英李娟肖凤波

上海医药 2021年18期

彭英李娟肖凤波

摘要目的：探討互联网+居家护理改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者呼吸功能的效果。方法：以2020年8月—2021年3月在江西省芦溪县人民医院呼吸内科住院，且已确诊的60例COPD患者为研究对象，随机分为试验组和对照组各30例。试验组中有男性17例，女性13例，平均年龄为（63.27±7.99）岁；对照组中有男性16例，女性14例，平均年龄为（63.58±8.05）岁。对照组患者采用一般的护理常规，试验组患者出院时及出院后在常规护理的基础上采用互联网+居家护理的护理方法。观察两组COPD评估测试（CAT）评分、改良英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难指数（mMRC）评分、生活质量（SF-36）评分、肺功能指标以及呼吸功能训练知晓水平。结果：干预前试验组和对照组患者的CAT评分、mMRC评分、SF-36评分差异无统计学意义著（P>0.05）；干预后试验组CAT评分、mMRC评分低于干预前和对照组，SF-36评分高于干预前和对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预前两组的第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、最大呼气流量（PEF）和用力肺活量（FVC）差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），干预后干预组的FEV1、PEF和FVC均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预后试验组患者的呼吸功能训练知晓水平高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：互联网+居家护理可提高患者的呼吸功能训练知晓率，改善患者的CAT评分、mMRC评分、SF-36评分和肺功能。

关键词慢性阻塞性肺疾病；互联网；居家护理；呼吸功能

中图分类号：R473.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2021）18-0040-04

Effect of Internet plus home care in the improvement of respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

PENG Ying， LI Juan， XIAO Fengbo

（Third Internal Medicine Department of Luxi County Peoples Hospital of Pingxiang， Jiangxi 337200， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To explore the effect of Internet plus home care in the improvement of respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods： Sixty patients who were hospitalized and diagnosed as COPD in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Luxi County Peoples Hospital in Jiangxi Province from August 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the research objects， and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group with 30 cases in each group. There were 17 males and 13 females in the experimental group， with an average age of （63.27±7.99） years old； there were 16 males and 14 females in the control group， with an average age of （63.58±8.05） years old. The patients in the control group was given general nursing routine， and the patients in the experimental group were given the Internet plus home nursing method on the basis of routine nursing care at discharge and after discharge. COPD assessment test（CAT） score， modified British Medical Research Council dyspnea index（MMRC） score， quality of life（SF-36） score， lung function index and awareness level of respiratory function training of two groups were observed. Results： There were no significant differences in CAT score， MMRC score and SF-36 score between the two groups before intervention（P>0.05）； after the intervention， CAT score and MMRC score of the experimental group were lower than those before the intervention and of the control group， and SF-36 score of the experimental group was higher than those before the intervention and of the control group， and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. Before the intervention， there was no significant difference in the forced expiratory volume（FEV1）， maximum expiratory flow（PEF） and forced vital capacity（FVC） in the first second between the two groups（P>0.05）， and after the intervention， the FEV1， PEF and FVC of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After the intervention， the awareness level of respiratory function training of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion： Internet plus home care can improve the awareness rate of respiratory function training， improve the CAT score， MMRC score， SF-36 score and lung function of the patients.

KEY WORDS chronic obstructive pulmonary disease； internet； home care； respiratory function

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， COPD）是比较常见的呼吸系统疾病之一，患者表现为肺功能的进行性减退，如果控制不佳，容易发展为肺心病、呼吸衰竭等，预后极差[1]。积极的护理干预对于改善患者的预后是十分必要的。本文旨在探索互联网+居家护理模式对COPD患者呼吸功能的影响。