孔国琴

摘  要：“百万扩招”形势下高职院校迎来发展的春天，但同时也面临生源组成复杂、学生学习基础薄弱、人才培养同质化等痛点。从高职院校工业设计专业发展现状出发，分析该专业方向建设情况，探索从耦合国家政策导向、符合区域经济发展、结合院校特色内涵、并合院系学科优势四条路径设置专业方向，并思考当前环境下多元融合人才培养模式，提出培养方案的多元异质化、课程建设的多元模组化、教学内容的多元分层化、教学手段的多元多样化四个对策，以实现人才的有效培养及专业的高质量发展。

关键词：百万扩招;工业设计;专业方向;人才培养

中图分类号：G640 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）05-0086-04

Abstract： Under the government proposal of "one million enrollment expansion"， Chinese higher vocational colleges are in the spring of development， but at the same time， they also face the painful problems such as the complex composition of students， the weak learning foundation of students and the homogenization of personnel training. In this study， it focused to analyze the setting of the training direction of industrial design professionals based on the current situation of the development of the industrial design major in higher vocational colleges. The setting of the major direction was explored from four paths of coupling national policy guidance， conforming to regional economic development， combining the college characteristics， and combining the disciplinary advantages of colleges and departments; the training mode of various talents in the current environment was also thought about; and four solutions were put forward， which included the multivariant heterogeneity of training programs， the multivariant modularity of curriculum construction， the multivariant stratification of teaching contents and the diversity of teaching channels， so that the effective training of talents and the high-quality development strategy of the major were explored.

Keywords： one million enrollment expansion; industrial design; major direction; talent training

2019年3月5日，国家提出：“加快发展现代职业教育，既有利于缓解当前就业压力，也是解决高技能人才短缺的战略之举。改革完善高职院校考试招生办法，鼓励更多应届高中毕业生和退役军人、下岗职工、农民工等报考，今年大规模扩招100万人。”[1]2019年5月6日教育部等六部门印发《高职扩招专项工作实施方案》，百万扩招计划正式启动推行。在这样的机遇和挑战下，反思原有的人才培养方案是否依然适用，面对扩招后复杂多样的生源构成，更需要理性探索高职院校工业设计专业人才培养新思路。

一、高职院校工业设计专业方向设置现状

上世纪80年代初国内高校首次設立工业设计专业，至今已有近40年，中国工业设计在这40年里历经时代变迁，到今天已发展成为广受关注的国家战略，设计赋能助燃经济发展，国家出台一系列政策大力发展工业设计，专业也由此迎来发展的春天。……