曹周阳 杨凤云 刘洁 谢祥兵

摘  要：为了提高学生的培养质量，督促学生复习，检验学生对结构力学知识点的掌握程度。依据教学大纲，以超静定刚架结构为例，将结构位移计算、力法、位移法和渐进法中的知识点进行了有机串联，设置了一道综合计算与分析题，从概念、原理和方法入手，灵活多变层层设置疑问，考核了学生对图乘法应用条件以及力法、位移法和渐进法的基本概念和计算过程;同时思考了综合题设计时的更多可能性情况，并对所设综合题进行了详细解答。结果表明：综合题出题思路较为新颖，知识点考核较为全面，解题過程严谨而方法灵活，学生答卷平均值基本合格，反馈良好。因此，创新结构力学题型设计可以全面考核学生的计算能力、分析能力和判断能力，这为后续考试命题提供了新思路。

关键词：结构力学;超静定结构;命题思考;教学考核;实践

中图分类号：G71

Abstract：In order to improve the quality of students training， supervise students to review， test their mastery of structural mechanics knowledge points.According to requirements of teaching syllabus， taking statically indeterminate rigid frame structure as an example， knowledge points in structural displacement calculation， force method， displacement method and progressive method are organically connected， and set up a comprehensive calculation and analysis question. started with concepts， principles and methods， it is flexible and changeable to set up questions at different levels. the application conditions of Graph Multiplication，basic concepts and calculation process of ， force method， displacement method and progressive method are examined. At the same time， more possible combinations in the design of comprehensive questions are considered， and comprehensive questions are answered in detail.The results show that： comprehensive question is relatively novel， knowledge point assessment is more comprehensive，problem solving process is rigorous and flexible， the average value of the students' answers is basically qualified， and well feedback.Therefore， the innovative structural mechanics question design can comprehensively assess the students' calculation ability， analysis ability and judgment ability， which provides new ideas for subsequent examination questions.

Key Words： Structural Mechanics; Statically indeterminate structure; Propositional thinking; Teaching examination; Practice

结构力学是土木工程专业的一门主要学科基础课，也是核心必修课程。该课程以理论力学和材料力学等课程为基础，从而进一步掌握平面杆件体系结构的基本概念、基本原理和基本方法。了解梁、刚架、桁架、拱及组合结构在各种荷载作用下的受力与变形性能，为后续结构设计原理、钢结构和桥梁工程等专业课程打好力学基础，对建筑与桥梁等结构设计和科学研究也具有极大的帮助。同时，通过课程的学习也培养学生对结构的分析能力、计算能力、判断能力和自学能力[1]，综合提高学生的力学素养和工程思维[2，3]，以立德树人为前提，为结构力学筑梦中国贡献力量[4]。……