金爱华

摘 要 作者在教学过程中，一直以“轻负、高质”的新课程教育理念作为指导，在不断探索多种行之有效教学方法來提高教学质量，在十多年的一线初中科学教学中发现学生对一些问题特别容易做错，教师在教学过程中如何让学生避免错误，研究如何有效突破错题的策略和方法，对提高学生成绩是非常有价值的一项课题。在教学和反馈中，对学生的易错题有意识地进行了搜集、分析和归类整理。本文结合学生易错的实例阐述了在新课程理念下如何有效攻破错题难题的一些策略和方法。实践证明，随着笔者教学经验的积累，教学中经常运用这些策略和方法是非常行之有效的，教学质量有了很大的提高，学生学习科学的兴趣非常浓厚。

关键词 错题 成因分析 应对策略

中图分类号：G424 文献标识码：A

Cause Analysis and Coping Strategies of Junior

High School Science Class Wrong Problems

JIN Aihua

（Daguan Middle School， Hangzhou， Zhejiang 310012）

Abstract In the teaching process， the author has taken "negative light， high-quality" new curriculum as a guiding philosophy of education， in continuing to explore a variety of effective teaching methods to improve the quality of teaching， found that students in the ten years of junior high school science teaching in line Some problems are particularly vulnerable to mistakes， teachers in the teaching process how to get students to avoid mistakes， study strategies and methods on how to effectively break the wrong title， to improve student achievement is a very valuable one subject. Teaching and feedback to students' fallibility questions were consciously collect， analyze and classify and organize. This paper describes examples of student fallible strategies and methods in the new curriculum ideas how to break some of the problems the wrong question. Practice has proved that， with the accumulation of my teaching experience， teaching often use these strategies and methods are very effective， teaching quality has been greatly improved， students' interest in science is very strong.

Key words wrong problems； cause analysis； strategies

1 问题的提出

经过多年的教学实践，笔者深切地感受到：学生的学习成绩是衡量一个教师课堂教学质量的一个最重要的标准，作业反馈，习题讲评它在整个教学活动中有着举足轻重的作用。教师传统课堂教学手段使学生的学习枯燥乏味，课堂气氛沉闷，教学效果不尽如人意。新课程理念下的科学课堂教学是教师组织、引导、参与和学生自主、合作、探究学习的双边活动，培养学生独立探索、独立思考能力的一条重要途径。为学生解惑是教师最重要的语言活动，是教师所有教学技能的一个重要组成部分，是教师教学水平的一个体现。……