中图分类号：F323.22 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-060X（2025）06-0102-07

Study on the Influencing Factors of Farmer Households' Willingness and Behavior in Ecological Aquaculture

BIN Mu-rong

(School ofBusiness，HainanTropical Ocean University，Sanya572o22，RC)

Abstract:Basedon thequestionnaire surveydataof aquaculture farmer households in Hainan Province，Guangdong Province， Guangxi ZhuangAutonomousRegionandFujianProvinceofChina，thestudyusedthebinarylogisticmodeltoidentifysignificant factorsaffctingteconsistencbetwnfarerouseholds'willngnessadbehaviortparticipateinecologcalaquacultuend usedthe boostedregresiontrees modeltoquantifytherelativeimportaneofachifuencingfactortotewillingnessandbhavio soatoexplainasonsfortheiconsistecybetweentewilingnessandehavioputforwardstrateicsugstionstoprootete transformationofthewilingnesintoehavio，andadvancetedevelopmntoftecologicalaquacultureindustry.hesudfound thataquaculturefrouseoldsintiseahdacertainwilingne tprtiipateicologicalaquaclturebutteosistncy degree between the willngnessand behavior was relativelylow.Significant factors influencing theconsistencybetween farmer households'wilingnesandbhavortoparticiate inologicalaquacultureereevirometalgulations，tesaleofaqaculture thepoliticalidentity，theproportioofaquacultureincoeithetotalfamilyincome，tecologicalaquacultureawaree，the aquaculture'senvironmental impactawareness，andtheeasedegreeoffancing，allofwhichhadpositiveimpacts.Thesignificant influencingfactosoffmerhouseholds'willingnessandehaviortoparticiateinecologccalaquacultureerediffrenttogeat extent，anthereeregeatdiferencesinelativeimportancesofthsignifcantifuencingfactors.Themaifactorsiuencing the willingnessandbehaviorereconomicharacteristicsandbreedingcharacteristicsrspectivelywitteaincontributionateof 53% and 61.4% respectively.This reflected the significance of breeding characteristics，and to some extent explaind the reason forthe inconsistency between the willingness and behavior.

Keywords:ecological breeding;farmer household; breeding willingness; breeding behavior;influencing factor

我国是世界上最大的水产养殖国，养殖水产品总产量从1978年的233万t增加至2023年的5809.70万t（占全国水产品总产量的 81.64% )，水产养殖在农民增收、农业结构优化、农产品安全供给等方面发挥着重要作用[1-2]。但水产养殖过程中投入品泛滥，水产品排泄物、病死水产品尸体等大量污染物未经妥善处理而随意排放等，给我国农业生态环境带来严峻挑战[3-4]。水产养殖带来的污染是我国农村主要的水资源污染源之一，且污染程度日趋严重[5-，已成为我国水产养殖产业发展与生态环境保护亟须解决的重要课题之一。在此背景下，水产生态养殖强调将水产养殖放到自然生态循环之中，在“源头—过程一末端”的全程实现能量、物质的良性自然循环。学界普遍认为，水产生态养殖是水产养殖业未来发展的方向，构建健康、生态、节水减排和多营养层次的水产生态养殖体系，是控制水产养殖污染的有效途径[7-8]。而宏观生态技术体系的建立需以微观上推动农户广泛采纳为基础。现阶段，在养殖方式上，传统粗放式的养殖方式在我国水产养殖中占绝对优势；在养殖主体上，我国水产养殖活动大多由农户分散进行[0-]。养殖农户分布分散且数量庞大，加上投入成本、环境意识等的影响，健康、生态养殖的组织生产和统一管理在农户水产养殖中难以实施[12-14]，这使得水产养殖污染防治成为一个较难解决的问题。

在生态农业微观领域，农户参与生态生产的意愿与行为及其相关关系一直是研究热点。……