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湖南金丝皇菊花叶病害病原物鉴定

2025-08-03侯嘉怡李灵陈雪峰吴柏顺向理理于晓英许璐

湖南农业科学 2025年6期
关键词:金丝菊花病原

中图分类号:S682;S432 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-060X(2025)06-0090-06

引用格式:,等.湖南金丝皇菊花叶病害病原物鉴定[J].湖南农业科学,2025(6):90-95.DOI:10.16498/j.cnki.hnnykx.2025.006.016

Identification of Pathogens Causing Mosaic Disease of Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Jinsi Huangju' in Hunan Province

HOU Jia-yi 1,2,3 ,LI Ling',CHEN Xue-feng1,WU Bo-shun1,XIANG Li-li1,2³,YU Xiao-ying 1,2,3 , XU Lu12.:

(1.Colegeoficuue,aricalUstsh,;.ndropalQality andUtilizationeinoeahntegh8C;3esnbratorygsha)

Abstract:To identifythe pathogens causingtypical mosaicdiseaseofChrysanthemum morifolium'Jinsi Huangju’inHunan,we colected the leaves withmosaic diseasesymptoms from the Hongcichrysanthemum plantingbase.RT-PCRamplification,enzymelinkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA),andnegativestaining electronmicroscopywereemployedtoidentifythepathogensithee dimensions ofucleotide sequence,morphology,and protein specificity.RT-PCRamplifcationofthediseased leaves producedtwo targetbands,which wereat thesizessimilartothetarget gene lengthsofchrysanthemum chlorotic motleviroid(CChMVdand chrysanthemum virus B(CVB).ELISA confirmed the presenceof CVB-specific protein in the diseased leaves.Negative staining of the suspension preparedwiththediseasedleavesrevealedpathogencomponentintwodiferentshapes,whichweresimilarto morphologicalstructureofCChMVdandCVB.Thephylogenetic treeshowcasedthattheisolate(viroid)fromHunansharedthesame clade with four reference isolates (e.g., CChMVd,FJ647546.1) from Spain, with the sequence similarityof 87% .In addition, the isolate (virus)fromHunansharedthe sameclade withthat fromNanjing (CVB,JQ904595.1),withthe sequencesimilarityof 100% .In conclusion,CChdandCBarethepathogenscausingmosaicdiseaseofC.morifoliumJinsiHuangju'inHunan,andteobied infection of the two viruses leads to the occurrence of this disease.

Key Words:Chrysanthemum morifolium'Jinsi Huangju'; virus identification; CChMVd; CVB; RT-PCR

金丝皇菊(Chrysanthemummorifolium'JinsiHuangju')为药食兼用型大花茶菊,不仅富含黄酮类、多糖和氨基酸等多种药用活性成分,还极具观赏价值[1-3]。随着国家乡村振兴战略的深人实施,金丝皇菊在湖南部分县域地区已经实现了规模化种植,成为当地农业特色支柱产业。由于金丝皇菊的规模化种植主要依赖无性繁殖,易导致病毒和类病毒积累,引发花叶、褪绿斑、分枝减少、不现蕾和不开花等症状,严重时整株枯死,造成种质退化和产量下降等问题[4-5]。菊花极易受到病毒和类病毒侵染,目前全球已报道的侵染菊花的病原体超过20种,包括菊花B病毒[ChrysanthemumvirusB(CVB)]、烟草花叶病毒[Tobaccomosaicvirus(TMV)]、番茄花叶病毒[Tomatomosaicvirus(ToMV]、番茄不孕病毒[Tomatoaspermyvirus(TAV)]、菊花褪绿斑驳类病毒[Chrysan-themumchloroticmottleviroid(CChMVd)]、菊花矮化类病毒[Chrysanthemumstuntviroid(CSVd)]等。这些病原体引发的病害在我国多个菊花主产区频繁发生,严重制约着产业的可持续发展[。近年来,湖南部分种植区的金丝皇菊出现了花叶症状,导致产区菊花产量和品质降低,而关于其病原物鉴定的研究尚未见报道。因此,采用高效、快速的检测方法确定湖南金丝皇菊花叶症状的病原物种类,对当地菊花病害的精准防控、产量品质提升及抗病种质筛选均具有重要意义[7-9]。当前,植物病毒及类病毒病原鉴定方法主要包括逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)[10-12]、实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)[13]和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)[14]等。其中,qRT-PCR需使用精密荧光定量PCR仪,存在设备成本投人高、RNA提取技术要求高和操作复杂等问题;……

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