遗传技术在水产养殖领域运用分析
2025-08-04姜亚男刘琳丁璇
中图分类号:S96 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1004-6755(2025)07—0073-03
Analysis of the application of genetic technology in the aquaculture field
JIANG Yanan,LIU Lin,DING Xuan (Laizhou MarineDevelopment and Fishery ServiceCenter,Yantai 26l4Oo,China)
Abstract:Genetic technology is widely applied across multiple fields and holds significant importance in aquaculture,it can enhance the quality and production eficiency of aquatic products while promoting the sustainable development of the entire aquaculture industry. For example, genetic modification techniques can be used to breed fish varieties with strong disease resistance and adaptability to diverse climatic conditions,enabling sustainable development in fish farming. Therefore,the rational and scientific application of genetic technology can facilitate its integration with various aquaculture practices.By briefly analysis the application value of genetic technology in meeting the demand for aquatic products and advancing the aquaculture industry,this study explores its strategic use in aquaculture environmental management, breeding,sex gene modification,and other related areas.
Key words:genetic technology;aquaculture;genetic algorithm
遗传技术能够人工干预生物体内的各种遗传物质,改进生物的遗传特性,使生物的生长能力、抗病能力、性能等有效增强。近年来,遗传技术在水产养殖领域中广泛应用,国内外的相关研究与应用不断涌现,例如,在遗传育种方面,统计世界主要国家的育种数据可以发现,对于育种目标性状的选择,以生长速度为目标性状的国家占47.85% ;以抗病性状为目标的国家占27.48%[1] 。但现阶段我国对遗传技术在水产养殖领域中的运用研究仍有较大提升空间。基于此,本文对遗传算法、遗传基因调控等遗传技术在水产养殖领域中的运用策略进行简要分析。
1遗传技术在水产养殖领域中的运用价值
1.1减轻养殖水域环境污染
在水产养殖规模不断扩大的情况下,水产养殖方式实现集约化的转变,大量的人工饵料被投放到养殖水体中,容易出现污染水体的问题。遗传技术的应用,可以提高饲料的利用率、减轻污染,并对水体环境进行实时化、动态化的监测,如果发现污染问题,能够及时发出预警信息,使养殖水域环境重新恢复洁净状态。
1.2 满足水产品需求
现阶段水产品的需求量不断上涨,科学合理应用遗传技术,能够培育出更加优质的水产品种,满足水产品需求,不断推动水产品国内外消费量、产量的增长。例如,凡纳滨对虾现在已经成为我国重要的水产养殖对象,引入后对其使用遗传技术改良,可以促进种虾的养殖产量增加,满足市场销售需求[2-3]。……
