湖南省玉竹叶斑病病原菌的分离鉴定
2025-08-03徐文静袁野黄艳宁蔡柳徐瑞陆英
引用格式:,等.省玉竹叶斑病病原菌的分离鉴定[J].农业科学,2025(6):72-74,84.DOI:10.16498/j.cnki.hnnykx.2025.006.012
中图分类号:S567 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-060X(2025)06-0072-03
Identification of the Pathogen Causing Leaf Spot in Polygonatum odoratum in Hunan Provi
XU Wen-jing1,YUAN Ye²,HUANG Yan-ning²,CAI Liu²,XU Rui²,LU Ying (1.HunanAgriculturalUniversityangsha428,PRC;2.HunanIstituteofNuclearAgricultureSciencesdne HerbalMedicines,Changsha,PRC)
Abstract:Thisstudyaims toidentifythepathogencausingeafspotinPolygonatumodoratuminHunanProvince.Thepathogen was isolated from the diseased leaves of P. odoratum by the tissue culture method,and its pathogenicity was verified according to Koch's postulates.Theisolatewasidentifedbymorphologicalobservationofcolonies,onidia,andhyphaeandmolecularbologicalethods. Theresultsshowedthattheobtained strainYZyhadthemorphologicalcharacteristicsconsistentwiththoseofFusariumequiseti. Specifically,thestrainpresentedcoloniescreamyhiteonthefrontandlightyellowatthback,focculentaerialhyphaepindleshapedorsickle-shapedmacroconidia,fewmicroconidia,andspherechlamydosporeswithroughsurfaces.Thesymptomscaused by thestrainnlaboratorywereconsistentwiththoseinthefeld.TemultilocusphylogeneticanalysisbasedoIS,EF-aadRPB1 showed that the strain shared the same clade ( 87% homology) with F. equiseti. Therefore, the pathogen causing leaf spot in P. odoratum is F. equiseti,which provides reference for the effective control of this disease.
Key words: Polygonatum odoratum; leaf spot; isolation and identification; Fusarium equiseti
玉竹(Polygonatumodoratum)是一种药食两用植物[1-2],为天门冬科黄精属,又名葳蕤、铃铛菜、地管子和甜草根等[3]。玉竹以地下根茎入药,新鲜肉质呈黄白色,须状根细长密集,广泛分布于我国多个地区[4,也是种植历史悠久的道地药材。玉竹味甘、性平,具有生津养胃、益气养阴和补肾润肺等功效[5]。近年来,玉竹的应用范围逐渐延伸至功能性食品、化妆品和保健产品等领域[6-7]
随着玉竹的药用价值被广泛认可,其市场需求持续增长,种植规模不断扩大。然而,在规模化栽培过程中,极端气候、栽培模式单一与管理不当等因素导致病害频发,其中又以真菌性病害为主,例如褐斑病、根腐病、锈病和灰霉病等[8-9]。2024年,省玉竹种植区发现一种严重的叶斑病,发病初期叶片出现圆形或不规则的褐色斑点,后期病斑逐步扩大,直至多个病斑相连致使叶片大面积枯死,造成当地玉竹产量和质量下降,严重制约相关产业的可持续发展。本研究以省玉竹产区典型叶斑病病叶为试验材料,分离纯化菌株后,通过形态学观察、致病性测定以及多位点(ITS、EF-lα和RPB1)系统发育分析,对菌株进行鉴定,以期为玉竹叶斑病防治提供理论依据。
1材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
供试样本为2024年采集自省玉竹产区有典型叶斑病症状的玉竹叶片;致病性测定的供试植物为健康玉竹盆栽苗;供试培养基为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基……
