杨光，张蕾，黄涛，赵影

摘要：目的：构建棒球虚拟仿真教学平台并检验其在普通高校棒球教学中的应用效果。方法：以3D Studio Max和MAYA作为建模工具制作系统模型和环境场景。采用整群抽样，选取同一学期、同一老师教授的2个棒球班，分为实验组和对照组。实验组开展传统棒球教学和棒球虚拟仿真课件学习，对照组开展传统棒球教学。学期末对实验组进行虚拟棒球教学平台的交互性、易用性和有用性的认知情况的问卷调查，并对实验组和对照组进行教学效果对比。结果：构建了包括棒球场场景模块、理论学习模块和比赛模块的棒球虚拟仿真桌面交互平台。提高了学生对棒球理论知识的掌握、实践能力和学习热情。实验组同学在理论、跑垒和滑垒专项技术上的得分显著高于对照组。结论：虚拟仿真技术在棒球教学中的应用能够有效弥补传统棒球教学中的场地缺乏、教学课时少等问题，提高学生自主学习棒球知识的兴趣和实践应用能力。

关键词：棒球;虚拟仿真;教学改革

中图分类号：G807文献标识码：A文章编号：1008-2808（2021）06-0064-05

Abstract：Objective： The aim is to construct a virtual simulation platform of baseball teaching and test its application effect in regular institution of higher education. Methods： 3D Studio Max and MAYA were used to create system models and environmental scenes. Two baseball classes were divide them into an experimental group and a control group by cluster sampling， and the students taught by the same teacher and come from the same semester. The experimental group carried out traditional baseball teaching and baseball virtual simulation courses， and the control group only carried out traditional baseball teaching. At the end of the semester， the experimental group was asked to conduct a questionnaire survey on the cognition of the interaction， ease of use and usefulness of baseball virtual simulation platform， and the teaching effect of the experimental group and the control group was compared. Results： This study constructed a baseball virtual simulation desktop interactive platform which including baseball field scene modules， theoretical learning modules and competition modules. It has improved students mastery of baseball theoretical knowledge， practical ability and enthusiasm for learning. The scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group in theory， running and sliding techniques. Conclusion： The application of virtual simulation technology in baseball teaching can effectively make up for the lack of venues and short teaching hours in traditional baseball course， and improve students interest in self-learning baseball knowledge and practical application ability.

Key words：Baseball; Virtual simulation; Teaching reform

虛拟仿真技术融合了虚拟现实（Virtual Reality，VR）技术和系统仿真技术的优点，通过人机交互营造近乎真实的视觉、触觉、听觉和动觉等体验效果，具有沉浸性、交互性、真实性、安全性等特点[1，2]，能够为体验者提供一种“身临其境”的感觉。这就使得现实生活中无法呈现或重现的场景成为可能。2012年3月13日，教育部发布了《教育信息化十年发展规化（2011—2020 年）》[3]，提出以教育信息化带动教育现代化，是我国教育事业发展的战略选择。……