王海梅　蔡艳丽　李燕　陈红

[摘要]目的：探究PERMA模式下心理干預在烧伤瘢痕患者修复术中的应用效果。方法：选取2019年6月-2020年6月于笔者医院收治的102例烧伤瘢痕修复患者为研究对象，使用随机数字表法分为对照组（n=51）和研究组（n=51）。对照组患者实施常规护理，研究组患者在对照组基础上实施PERMA模式下心理干预。比较两组干预前、干预6个月后生活质量[简明烧伤健康量表中文版（Burn specific health scale，BSHS-A）]、自我和谐程度[自我和谐量表（Self consistency and congruence scale，SCCS）]、心理应激能力[成人心理弹性量表（Resilience scale for adults，RSA）]及伤残接受度[伤残接受度量表（Acceptance of disability scale，ADS）]情况。结果：干预6个月后，两组BSHS-A量表、RSA量表、ADS量表评分均较干预前上升，且研究组高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组SCCS量表评分均较干预前下降，且研究组低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：将PERMA模式下心理干预应用于烧伤瘢痕患者修复术中，可显著提升患者生活质量，且能提高患者自我和谐程度、心理应激能力及伤残接受度。

[关键词]PERMA模式;心理干预;烧伤;瘢痕修复术;生活质量;心理应激能力

[中图分类号]R473.6    [文献标志码]B    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）10-0167-04

Application of Psychological Intervention Under PERMA Mode in Patients with Burn Scars Repair

WANG Hai-mei，CAI Yan-li，LI Yan，CHEN Hong

（Department of Plastic Surgery，the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University，Xijing Hospital，Xian 710032，Shaanxi，China）

Abstract： Objective  To explore the application effect of psychological intervention under PERMA model in the recovery of patients with burn scars after repair. Methods  A total of 102 patients with burn scar repair who were treated in our hospital between June 2019 and June 2020 were selected as the research subjects， and they were divided into the control group （n=51） and the study group （n=51） by using the random number table method. Patients in the control group received routine nursing， and patients in the study group were given psychological intervention under PERMA model on the basis of control group. The quality of life [Burn specific health scale （BSHS-A）]， degree of self consistency and congruence [Self consistency and congruence scale （SCCS）]， psychological stress ability [Resilience scale for adults （RSA）] and disability acceptance [Acceptance of disability scale （ADS）] were compared between the two groups of patients before intervention and after 6 months of intervention. Results  After 6 months of intervention， the scores of BSHS-A scale， RSA scale and ADS scale in the two groups were all higher than those before intervention， and the scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The scores of SCCS scale in the two groups of patients were all lower than those before intervention， and the scores of study group were lower than those of control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion  Psychological intervention under PERMA model in the recovery of patients with burn scars after repair has a significant effect on improving the quality of life of patients， and can improve the self consistency and congruence， psychological stress ability and disability acceptance.

Key words： PERMA model; psychological intervention; burn; scar repair; quality of life; psychological stress ability

烧伤是外科常见急症，患者会因生理疼痛、外表受损而产生焦虑、抑郁等心理问题，这些心理问题在女性患者中更为明显[1]。烧伤瘢痕修复术是通过整形手术或减轻瘢痕畸形，进而改善患者受损的容貌及器官功能，对患者恢复自信心有一定帮助[2]。PERMA模式的组成包括积极的情绪（Positive emotion，P）、投入（Engagement，E）、关系（Relationships，R）、意义（Meaning，M）、成就（Accomplishment，A）五个因素，这五个因素彼此独立，但都对获得幸福感有所帮助，最初是积极心理学的理论模型[3]。此前马丽杰等[4]学者研究认为，为保证烧伤瘢痕修复患者的身心健康，对其实施积极的心理干预有助于患者活动心理成长。本文旨在探究PERMA模式下心理干预在烧伤瘢痕修复患者术后恢复中的应用效果，现报道如下。……