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点阵激光治疗白癜风进展

2021-12-14步青云王润超罗亭卢昌佩景海霞

中国美容医学 2021年10期

步青云 王润超 罗亭 卢昌佩 景海霞

[摘要]白癜风的治疗方法多样,主要有光疗、药物治疗以及外科疗法等。近年来,由于点阵激光具有治愈率高,安全性好,副作用小等优点,广泛应用于白癜风的临床治疗。为缩短治疗时间,提高患者依从性,许多学者提出联合疗法,如:联合钙调磷酸酶抑制剂、糖皮质激素、外科治疗、中医中药及黑光,甚至综合疗法。本文就点阵激光治疗白癜风的进展作一概述。

[关键词]白癜风;点阵激光;原理;联合治疗

[中图分类号]R758.4+1    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)10-0182-04

Update on Fractional Laser Treatment of Vitiligo

BU Qing-yun,WANG Run-chao,LUO Ting,LU Chang-pei,JING Hai-xia

(Department of Dermatology,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan Taihe Hospital, Shiyan 442000,Hubei,China)

Abstract: The treatment of vitiligo is various, including phototherapy, drug therapy and surgical therapy.In recent years, fractional laser has been widely used in the clinical treatment of vitiligo due to its advantages of high cure rate, good security and slight side effects. In order to shorten the treatment time and improve the compliance of patients, many scholars have proposed combination therapy, such as combined calcineurin inhibitor,glucocorticoid, surgical treatment, Traditional Chinese Medicine, ultraviolet, and even comprehensive therapy. In this paper, the progress of fractional laser treatment of vitiligo is summarized.

Key words: vitiligo; fractional laser; theory; combined therapy

白癜风是一种常见的后天性色素脱失性皮肤病,全球发病率约为1%[1]。其发病机制尚不明确,可能与遗传、免疫、氧化应激、黑素细胞自身破坏等多种因素相关[2-5]。因其影响美观与社交,往往对患者造成严重的心理负担和精神压力[6]。白癜风的治疗方法多样,主要有光療、药物治疗以及外科疗法等。近年来,由于点阵激光具有治愈率高,安全性好,副作用小等优点,被广泛应用于白癜风的临床治疗。本文就点阵激光治疗白癜风的进展作一概述,以期为临床应用提供参考。

1  点阵激光的治疗原理与作用机制

点阵激光是在传统超脉冲激光的基础上添加了计算机图形发生器,使其治疗深度与范围可控。其基本原理是点阵式光热作用(Fractional photothermolysis,FP),其用于白癜风的治疗是因为[7]:①热作用可增大黑素细胞胞体,增加树突数量,提升酪氨酸酶活性,促进黑素合成;②热作用导致胶原束变性,从而使皮损区域组织收缩,皮损变小;③可促进皮损区分泌细胞因子和生长因子,调节黑素生成,促进黑素细胞增殖以及迁移。……

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