陈伟

摘  要：本文将详细介绍小学数学学科的核心素养，通过对小学师生的调查找出小学生在解题中遇到的问题，并提出引进生活化场景、增加学生出题的频率、讲解解题技巧、确认教学目标、改进思维训练及加强总结问题的能力六项优化数学学科核心素养的实践培养方法。小学数学是学生时代最为基础且重要的学科，为培养其解决问题中的核心素养，教师需采用多种教学方法，在提升其兴趣的基础上，改善其数学能力。

关键词：解决问题;小学数学;核心素养

【中图分类号】G623.5    【文献标识码】A       【文章编号】1005-8877（2021）04-0107-02

Cultivating the Core Literacy of Primary Mathematics Subject Based on Problem-solving

CHEN Wei  （Second Experimental Primary School，Xintai City，Tai'an，Shandong Province，china）

【Abstract】this paper will introduce the core accomplishment of mathematics in primary school in detail，find out the problems encountered by pupils in solving problems through the investigation of teachers and students in primary school，and put forward six practical training methods to optimize the core accomplishment of mathematics subject by introducing life scene，increasing the frequency of students' questions，explaining problem-solving skills，confirming teaching objectives，improving thinking training and strengthening the ability to sum up problems. Primary school mathematics is the most basic and important subject in the student age.In order to cultivate its core accomplishment in solving problems，teachers should adopt various teaching methods to improve their mathematical ability on the basis of enhancing their interest.

【Key words】problem solving;elementary school mathematics;core accomplishment

在新课程改革快速推进的情况下，核心素养已变得愈发重要，数学科目带有极强的抽象思维性，需要小学生拥有较强的想象力与好奇心，但在实际教授时，部分学生在解题过程中出现些许问题，教师应找到合适的教学方案，不断改善其解题水平。

1.小学数学学科的核心素养

随着素质教育理念正逐渐深入人心，教育课程的改革也正快速推动，为完善学生的综合素质，核心素养理念正进入到校园的各个科目中。具体而言，小学数学学科的核心素养主要包括数感、空间观念、运算能力、推理能力、模型思维及解决问题的能力。该学科核心素养的特征为重视各词语的定义，并适时强调问题存有的条件，在观察某一具体问题时，解题人需从全局考虑，因而提升小学生数学核心素养，可改善其基本素质，使其更为全面地看待问题，其理解能力与想象力也会得到一定提升。……