武祥伟 孔令富 荣华 张娟 胡惠永 王晓雯 毕保良

摘要 为了改革淡水养殖学实验课程教学体系，对接“新农科”改革发展要求，在剖析当前实验课程教学现状的基础上，从教学目标、内容、方法等方面对教学体系进行了重构。首先设置了淡水养殖学实验课程教学的地位与目标，以此为基础设计了基础性实验、技能性实验、综合性实验和自行设计型实验，构建了从基础到创新、逐级提高的多层次、模块化实验教学模式，并依据教学目标，设计了讲解、示范、引导等实验教学方法，使实验教学由“灌输式”转变为“自主式”。该研究促进了学生创新能力的提升，契合了当前淡水养殖产业的发展需求。

关键词 淡水养殖学;实验教学;教学改革;教学体系

中图分类号 S-01文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2021）07-0278-02

Abstract In order to reform the experimental teaching system of freshwater aquaculture course and conform to the reform demand of new agricultural science， the experimental teaching system was reconstructed from the aspects of the teaching target， content， and method， based on analyzing the current teaching status of teaching course. Firstly， the teaching targets and status of freshwater aquaculture experimental course were set up， and the fundamental experiment， technical experiment， comprehensive experiment， and selfdesigning experiment were designed on this basis. The multilevel and modular experimental teaching model that ran from the fundament to innovation was constructed. The teaching methods such as explanation， demonstration， and guidance were designed according to the teaching objectives， thus the experimental teaching was transferred from the indoctrination to the independent guide. The study promoted the promotion of students innovation ability and met the development demands of the present aquaculture industry.

Key words Freshwater aquaculture;Experimental teaching;Teaching reform;Teaching system

作者簡介 武祥伟（1984—），男，山东菏泽人，讲师，博士，从事云南土著鱼类种质资源保护与利用研究。

实验教学体系由实验教学各要素有机构成，以人才培养为中心，以学生素质培养为根本宗旨[1]。实验教学是高校人才培养的关键环节，已成为高等教育创新体系的重要组成部分。国外高校非常重视实验教学对学生综合素质和创新能力的培养，具有相对成熟的经验和效果良好的实验教学模式，形成了一套完整的创新能力培养体系[2]。我国于20世纪80年代提出“实验内容由附属于理论教学转变形成相对独立的体系”的观点，并自90年代初开始引进国外高校的成功做法，进行不同程……