词切分对听障大学生阅读影响的眼动研究
2021-02-22朱琳穆艳玲梁辉薛昆余文欣
朱琳 穆艳玲 梁辉 薛昆 余文欣



[摘要]采用Tobii Pro GlassesⅡ眼动仪,以41名听障大学生为被试,考察词切分对听障大学生阅读的影响。实验设置正常无空格、字间空格、词间空格和非词间空格4种空格条件,在实验过程中记录被试阅读汉语句子的眼动数据。结果发现:听障大学生阅读词间空格文本和正常无空格文本相对容易;词间空格条件在一定程度上对听障大学生的阅读有促进作用,而非词间空格条件对听障大学生的阅读产生了干扰作用。
[关键词]词切分;聽障大学生;阅读;眼动
[中图分类号]G 762[文献标志码]A[文章编号]10050310(2021)01008805
An Eye Movement Study on the Influence of Word Segmentation on
Reading of Hearingimpaired College Students
Zhu Lin1, Mu Yanling2, Liang Hui1, Xue Kun1, Yu Wenxin1
(1. College of Special Education, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100075,China;
2. Demonstration Center of Experimental Teaching in Comprehensive Engineering,
Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101,China)
Abstract: The research explored the effect of word segmentation on 41 hearingimpaired college students selected in the research by using Tobii Pro Glasses II eye tracker. The experiment set four kinds of space presentation conditions: normal unspaces, intercharacter spaces, interword spaces, and nonword spaces. During the experiment, the eye movement data of the subjects reading Chinese sentences was recorded. The results show that sentences in a interword spaced format are as easy to read for hearingimpaired college students as unspaced text. The condition of the interword space promotes the reading of hearingimpaired college students to a certain extent, while the condition of the nonword space interferes with the reading of hearingimpaired college students.
Keywords: Word segmentation; Hearingimpaired college students; Reading; Eye movements
0引言
词汇识别是阅读的前提和基础,而要对词汇进行识别,首先需要对词汇进行有效切分[1]。在大多数拼音文本中,词与词之间存在空格(如英文、法文、西班牙文等)。当词间空格被人为删除后,读者的阅读速度会下降 30%~50%[23]。词间空格是一种清晰的视觉线索,能清楚地标记出词的边界,使阅读者快速、高效地识别词汇,有助于阅读的顺利进行[4]。
汉语是无空格文本,词与词之间没有用空格来标记边界,在词间加入空格是否会影响读者阅读呢?Bai等以大学生为被试,发现词间空格对阅读没有起到促进作用也没有干扰阅读[5]。白学军等以大学生为被试,发现在汉语文本中插入非词间空格和字间空格会阻碍阅读[6]。对于阅读经验丰富的大学生阅读者来说,长期的阅读习惯已使他们能自动地进行词切分。然而对于阅读经验少、阅读技能较低的阅读者来说,在词间加入空格是否对他们有影响呢?……
