“新工科”背景下煤炭高校安全工程学科发展现状及对策研究
2021-01-07倪廉钦高杰
倪廉钦 高杰



摘要:能源结构调整和供给侧改革对煤炭产业发展产生了实质性的影响,随着煤炭行业“十年黄金期”的结束,煤炭高校安全工程学科步入转型期。本文通过对安全学科发展历程、当前安全学科的就业形势进行分析,研究表明:行业形势的变更,导致人才流失,学科建设缓慢,学科转型势在必行。基于此,本文以安徽理工大学安全工程学科建设为研究对象,针对学科转型中遇到的困难,结合“十四五”规划,教育部“新工科”建设,提出煤炭高等院校安全工程学科办学方案转型改革的意见和建议。
关键词:新工科;煤炭高校;安全工程;学科建设;人才培养
On the Development Status and Countermeasure of Safety Engineering Discipline in Coal Universities under the Background of "New Engineering"
---- Taking Anhui University of Science and Technology as an Example
NI Lianqin1,2 GAO Jie3
(1,2. State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui Province, 232001 China;
3. Shanxi Jinhui Wangfeng Coal Industry Group, Xiaoyi, Shanxi Province, 032300 China)
Abstract: The adjustment of energy structure and supply side reform have had a substantial impact on the development of coal industry. With the end of the “Golden decade” of coal industry, the safety engineering discipline in coal universities has entered a transition period. Through the analysis of the development process of safety discipline and the current employment situation of safety discipline, the paper shows that the change of industry situation leads to brain drain, slow discipline construction, and discipline transformation is imperative. Based on this, it takes the safety engineering discipline construction of Anhui University of Science and Technology as the research object, in view of the difficulties encountered in the discipline transformation, combined with the "14th Five-Year plan" and the "new engineering" construction of the Ministry of Education, puts forward the ideas and suggestions on the transformation and reform of the school running scheme of the safety engineering discipline in coal universities.
Key Words: New engineering; Coal University; Safety engineering; Discipline construction; Talent training
2017年2月,教育部發布了《关于开展新工科研究与实践的通知》,我国以新工科建设为目标的高等工程教育改革正式进入新阶段[1-3]。安全工程学科具有涉及领域广、学科交叉融合、渗透性和实践性强的特点,伴随着煤炭产业的供给侧结构性改革,煤炭行业形势也相应的发生变化,而以矿山安全为办学特色的煤炭高等院校安全工程学科作为安全工程学科的一个重要分支,其教育体系及培养模式在新形势下,亟需加快转型[4]。
1 安全工程学科发展历程
1.1学科发展历程
从1953年我国首次开展矿山通风安全专业研究生录取工作至今,安全工程学科不断改革创新,推动了学科的发展,截止2021年3月,我国共有152所高校开设安全工程本科专业。安全工程学科发展历程如表1所示[5-15]。
从办学整体上看,我国开设安全工程本科专业的高等院校的培养方式主要分为两类,一类是以行业特色为支撑的行业专一型人才培养模式,另一类是淡化行业特色,重视兼容型人才的培养模式。……
