试论我国地方高等院校的创业教育
2018-11-09孙露娟
孙露娟
摘 要 1998年世界高等教育会议提出,大学应帮助学生实现三本“教育护照”:学历证书、职业资格证书和创业教育证书。国际职业教育大会也曾提出,21世纪将有50%的大学毕业生要走自主创业之路。近年来,党的十八大提出“实施创新驱动发展战略”、“培养学生创新精神”,“大众创业、万众创新”的浪潮已起。创新创业能力已经成为人们适应社会急剧变化的基本生存能力,21世纪是创新创业教育的时代。
关键词 高等院校 创业 教育
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkz.2018.09.083
Abstract In 1998, the world higher education conference proposed that the university should help students to achieve three "educational passports": diploma, vocational qualification certificate and entrepreneurship education certificate. The International Conference on vocational education also suggested that 50% of the graduates in twenty-first Century should take the road of self employment. In recent years, the eighteen major party of the party has put forward "innovation driven development strategy" and "cultivating students' innovative spirit", and the wave of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" has been started. Innovation and entrepreneurship ability has become the basic survival ability of people to adapt to the rapid changes in society. The 21st century is the era of innovation and entrepreneurship education.
Keywords college; entrepreneurship; education
1 地方院校开展创业教育的重要性
受市场化、全球化、信息化和网络化的影响,当代大学生热情高,竞争意识、自主意识、参与意识强,容易接受新生事物,创新能力较强,但另一方面也出现了理想信念淡化、自我中心强烈、物质欲望膨胀等负面人格,甚至在少数大学生中出现了唯利是图的“个人中心主义”。从创业角度看主要有如下表现:创业动机不纯,盛行个人奋斗、物质主义至上;创业精神涣散,普遍安于现状、不思进取,不想付出,不愿冒险;创业意志薄弱,心态浮躁,急于求成,急功近利,耐挫能力较弱;创业管理能力欠缺,显得眼高手低,血气方刚而又都希望自我主宰。
“缺乏闯劲儿,争抢金饭碗”是制约大学生创业的第一块绊脚石。许多大学生怕付出、怕风险,求安稳、求体面。大量民营企业和农村地区乏人問津,而对考公务员却趋之若鹜,动辄数百人,甚至数千人竞争同一个岗位,正是其思想的真实写照。……
