张伟新 丛志强

[摘要] 目的 了解一般人口學资料对护理专业大学生（以下简称“护生”）自主学习能力和学习策略的影响，并分析其相关性，进一步探讨护生的自主学习能力的影响因素，寻求提高护生自主学习能力的对策，为提高护理教育教学质量提供参考。 方法 本研究于2015年11月采用护理专业学生自主学习能力测评量表和大学生学习策略量表对齐齐哈尔医学院426名护生进行调查。 结果 护生自主学习能力比较显示，不同性别护生的自我管理，不同年级、是否为实习生、不同课外学习时间、学习目标是否明确、不同自我评价护生的学习动机、自我管理、学习合作能力、信息素质及自主学习能力总分比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）；护生学习策略比较显示，不同年级、不同学历层次、是否为实习生、学习目标是否明确、不同自我评价护生的认知策略、元认知策略、资源管理策略、情感策略及总体学习策略，不同课外学习时间护生的资源管理策略比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）；学习策略与自主学习能力呈正相关（P < 0.05）。 结论 认知策略、资源管理策略和情感策略是影响护生自主学习能力的主要因素，提高护生的学习策略有利于提高其自主学习能力。

[关键词] 自主学习；学习策略；相关性；护理专业大学生

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2016）02（c）-0076-06

Current situation of self-directed learning and learning strategy of nursing students and its correlation analysis

ZHANG Weixin1 CONG Zhiqiang2▲

1.Nursing School， Qiqihar Medical University， Heilongjiang Province， Qiqihar 161006， China； 2.Department of General Affairs， the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University， Heilongjiang Province， Qiqihar 161006，China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the influence of general demographic information on self-directed learning and learning strategy of nursing students and discuss correlation between them， further explore the influence factors of self-directed learning， seek to countermeasure for improving self-directed learning， in order to provide references for improving the teaching quality of nursing education. Methods On November 2015， 426 students from Qiqihar Medical University were selected and surveyed with self-directed learning ability scale of nursing students and college students' learning strategy scale. Results Self-directed learning comparison showed that different gender in self-management； nursing students with different grades， whether internship or not， different out-of-class learning time， whether study objective clear or not， different self-evaluation in study motivation， the ability of study self-management， the ability of study cooperation， information literacy and total self-directed learning， all had statistically significant differences （P < 0.05）. Learning strategy comparison showed that different grades， different degrees， whether internship or not， whether study objective clear or not， different self-evaluation in cognitive strategy， metacognitive strategy， resource management strategy， emotional strategy， total learning strategy； different out-of-class learning time in resource management strategy， all had statistically significant differences （P < 0.05）. There was a positive correlation between self-directed learning and learning strategy （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The cognitive strategy， resource management strategy， emotional strategy are the main factors influence of self-directed learning of nursing students， improve the learning strategy， help to improve their ability of self-directed learning.

[Key words] Self-directed learning； Learning strategy； Correlation analysis； Nursing students

自主学习能力是指个体主动地自觉地评估自己的学习需要，制订学习目标、选择学习资源及实施适宜的学习策略、监控学习过程、评价学习结果的能力[1]。现代教育思想强调以学生为主题，注重培养学生自主学习、终身学习的能力，促使学生主动去探索、去思考、去创新，充分发挥自身的主观能动性[2]。医学技术不断进步更新，护理学也是一门需要终身学习的职业，因此加强对护理专业大学生（以下简称“护生”）自主学习能力的培养十分重要[3]。而学习策略对学习过程的设计、学习方法和学习技能的使用、对整个学习活动的监控与调节有着至关重要的作用[4]。……