查文菊　肖桢林　李天华　杨美丽　唐周俊　董宇　张豹林

摘要[目的]筛选出适应曲靖烟区生态环境的烤烟品种。[方法]比较分析不同品种烤烟的生育期、发育状况、烤后烟叶的经济性状及外观质量，研究其对曲靖烟区生态环境的适应性。[结果]不同品种生育期的差异不大，但生长发育程度存在一定的差异，各品种株高、留叶数、节距、最大叶长和最大叶宽差异达到显著水平；不同品种经济性状各指标差异达到极显著水平，其中CF228的产量、上中等烟比例和产值均最高，贵烟13号的上等烟比例达到60%以上；不同品种的外观质量差异不明显。[结论]在同一生态环境下，各品种均存在一定的适应性，其中以品种CF228和贵烟13号的适应性较强，烤后烟叶产量和品质较优。

关键词 品种；生态环境；经济性状；外观质量

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2016）05-052-03

Abstract[Objective]To screen the fluecured tobacco varieties suitable for ecological environment in Qujing City.[Method]The growth status of different varieties of fluecured tobacco was compared and analyzed， as well as the economic characters and appearance qualities of fluecured tobacco leaves. Adaptability to ecological environment was researched.[Result]There were no great differences in the growth period of different varieties， but growth and development degree had certain differences. Plant height， pitch， remained leaf number， maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width all reached significant differences. Index differences of economic character reached extremely significant degree. Among them， CF228 yield， proportion of midhigh grade leaves and output value were the maximum. Proportion of high grade tobacco leaves of Guiyan 13 was above 60%. Appearance qualities of different varieties had no significant differences.[Conclusion]Under the same ecological environment， several varieties all had certain adaptability. Among them， CF228 and Guiyan 13 both had relatively strong adaptability； the yield and quality of fluecured tobacco were relatively excellent.

Key words Varieties； Ecological environment； Economic character； Appearance quality

烟草具有相对广泛的适应性，但对外在环境条件比较敏感，不同的生态环境对不同品种烟叶产量、质量均有较大的影响[1-3]。在烤烟生产过程中，应该将烤烟的品种特性和当地自然环境相结合，进行合理的品种布局与种植，更好地发挥品种的特质[4]。合理布局烤烟品种，充分利用当地自然环境资源，是提高烟叶质量和产量、稳健发展烟叶生产的重要措施[5]。近年来，随着烟叶在工业原料中的应用逐渐加大，曲靖市对优良品种的选育和种植愈加重视，然而该地烟区品种单一、布局不合理、主栽品种特色退化等问题仍存在[6-7]。笔者开展了不同品种生育特性、经济性状和外观质量的研究，以筛选出适应曲靖烟区生态环境的烤烟品种，为合理布局曲靖烟区的烤烟品种，提高烟叶产量和质量提供一定的理论依据。……