郭静华　谭　军



吞咽训练对脑卒中后吞咽困难和吸入性肺炎的影响研究

郭静华谭军

【摘要】目的 探讨吞咽康复训练对卒中后吞咽困难患者吞咽功能和吸入性肺炎的影响。方法 116例吞咽困难患者随机分为干预组（常规治疗+电针治疗+吞咽训练）及对照组（常规治疗+电针治疗）。于入院时及吞咽训练3周时，采用吞咽功能评估量表评价吞咽训练疗效，并观察吸入性肺炎的情况。结果 入院时，两组吞咽功能评分组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。经过3周吞咽训练，干预组总有效率为94.83%，对照组为77.59%，组间差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；入院时，干预组吸入性肺炎发生率为12.07%，对照组为13.79%，两者差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；吞咽训练3周时，干预组为20.70%，对照组34.48%，两者差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 吞咽康复训练可以有效改善卒中后吞咽困难患者的吞咽功能，并降低吸入性肺炎的发生。

【关键词】脑卒中；吞咽困难；吞咽康复训练；吸入性肺炎

作者单位：453000 新乡医学院

Effect of Swallowing Training on Post-stroke Dysphagia and Aspiration Pneumonia After Stroke

GUO Jinghua TAN Jun Xinxiang Medical University，Xinxiang 453000，China

【Abstract】Objective To investigate the effect of swallowing rehabilitation training on swallowing functional recovery after stroke and incidence of aspiration pneumonia.Methods 116 cases were randomly divided into conventional therapy plus swallowing training and electro-acupuncture group（intervention group）and conventional therapy plus electro-acupuncture group（control group）.Within 24 hours of admission and three weeks，the application of swallowing function evaluation scale to assess the efficacy after swallowing training，while observing two groups of patients admitted to hospital and rehabilitation after the first 21 days of the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia.Results Beginning of the study，there was no significant difference between the two groups（P＞0.05）.After 3 weeks of swallowing training，the total effective rate was 94.83% in the intervention group，77.59% in the control group（P＜0.05），while the control group was 13.79%，while the control group was 20.70%，while the control group was 34.48%，the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）.Conclusion Swallowing rehabilitation can effectively improve post-stroke dysphagia patients，can also reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia after stroke.

【Key words】Stroke，Dysphagia，Swallowing rehabilitation training，Aspiration pneumonia

脑卒中是一组由不同病因引起的急性脑血管循环障碍性疾病的总称。随着我国人民生活方式的转变及社会的高速发展，高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、脑血管病等危险因素逐年上升，脑卒中发病率也随之升高。吞咽是维持人体生存的基本功能活动，其生理过程包括口腔准备期、口腔期、咽期、食管期四个环节，任何一个环节出现问题都将造成吞咽困难。许多内科疾病都可造成吞咽困难，如突发神经损害、进展性神经病、头颈部肿瘤等，其中脑卒中是最为常见的致病原因。……