姚孟琳

[摘要] 目的 探讨综合性护理干预在提高脑梗死患者生活质量方面的应用价值。 方法 将我院神经内科2010年1月～2014年5月收治的120例急性脑梗死患者随机分为观察组及对照组，每组60例，其中对照组实施常规护理措施，观察组实施综合性护理措施，分析两组患者的焦虑、抑郁状态及生活质量情况（QLI评分）。 结果 护理干预结束后，观察组患者的SAS、SDS评分明显低于对照组，差异具有显著性（P<0.05）；在生活质量方面，观察组的QLI评分为（49.26±4.61）分，明显优于对照组的（21.37±2.58）分，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 对急性脑梗死患者实施综合性护理干预可显著改善患者的精神状态，减少焦虑、抑郁的发生，提高患者的生活质量，有利于改善患者预后。

[关键词] 脑梗死；综合护理；生活质量

Comprehensive nursing intervention on the quality of life of patients with acute cerebral infarction

YAO Menglin

Department of Neurology，Yantai Zhifu Hospital in Shandong Province，Yantai 264000，China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the comprehensive nursing intervention on quality of life of patients with cerebral infarction. Methods All 120 cases of patients with cerebral infarction were divided into observation group and control group who were treated by our hospital neurology， from January 2010 and May 2014，and each group included 60 patients. The control group was given conventional nursing， while the observation group was given comprehensive nursing on the basis of the conventional nursing. After intervention，the anxiety， depression and quality of life of the two groups were compared. Results After the nursing intervention，SAS， SDS scores of observation group were obviously lower than the control group， and there were significant differences（P<0.05）. In terms of quality of life，QLI scale of observation group （49.26±4.61） was significantly better than the control group （21.37±2.58），with statistical significance（P<0.05）. Conclusion Implementation of comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with acute cerebral infarction can significantly improve the patient's mental state， reduce the occurrence of anxiety and depression， improve the quality of life of patients， and it is conducive to improving the prognosis of patients.

[Key words] Cerebral infarction；Comprehensive nursing；Quality of life

脑梗死是神经内科临床上较为常见的疾病之一，其往往是由于脑动脉粥样硬化和血管内膜损伤使脑动脉管腔狭窄，在多种因素的作用下致使局部血栓形成，使动脉狭窄加重或完全闭塞而导致脑组织缺血和缺氧甚至坏死等恶性后果[1]。脑梗死急性期具有高死亡率、高致残率、并发症多的特点，除必要的治疗措施外，综合性的护理措施对改善患者的预后亦具有重要意义。本研究旨在分析综合性护理措施对急性脑梗死患者精神状态及生活质量的影响情况。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

120例脑梗死患者均是我院神经内科2010年1月～2014年5月收治的患者，其中观察组60例，男36例，女24例，年龄46～78岁，平均（61.4±5.3）岁，左侧偏瘫者38例，右侧偏瘫者22例，肌力：Ⅰ级14例，Ⅱ级21例，Ⅲ级16例，Ⅳ级9例；部位：脑深部基底核区38例、侧脑室旁16例，其他6例；伴糖尿病16例，高血压23例，高血脂31例；对照组60例，男37例，女23例，年龄48～75岁，平均（60.9±5.1）岁，左侧偏瘫者41例，右侧偏瘫者19例，肌力：Ⅰ级17例，Ⅱ级23例，Ⅲ级13例，Ⅳ级7例；部位：脑深部基底核区36例、侧脑室旁14例，其他10例；……