华文良 汤超 汤文夏

【摘要】目的对急性中毒与抑郁症的相关因素进行分析。

方法选择66例急性中毒患者，按中毒的原因是自主服毒还是误服分为自服组和误服组，按有无器质性疾病分为有器质性疾病组（包括糖尿病、脑梗死、结缔组织病、骨质疏松、COPD、脑外伤、肿瘤）和无器质性疾病组，采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评定所有患者的抑郁症状。

结果所有患者病情稳定后有抑郁症状者32例，占48.5%（32/66），其中男12例，占有抑郁症状者的37.5%，女20例，占有抑郁症状者的62.5%。自服组的HAMD评分高于误服组，差异有统计学意义（P<0001）；有器质性疾病组的HAMD评分高于无器质性疾病组，差异有统计学意义（P<0001）。

结论 急性中毒以自主服毒为主，抑郁症与是否患器质性疾病有关。

【关键词】急性中毒；抑郁症；相关因素

中图分类号：R595.4；R749.4文献标识码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.10031383.2014.05.018

【Abstract】ObjectiveTo analyze the correlative factors of acute poisoning and depression.

Methods66 cases of acute poisoning were divided into the group of taking poison on purpose and the group of taking poison by mistakes according to the causes of poisoning.In addition，they were divided into the group with organic diseases （including diabetes，cerebral infarction，connective tissue disease，osteoporosis，COPD，brain trauma and tumor） and the group without organic diseases.Then，Hamilton Depression Rating Scale（HAMD） was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms of all patients.

Results 32 cases had depressive symptoms after their condition was stable，accounting for 48.5%（32/66）.Of all patients with depressive symptoms，there were 12 males，accounting for 37.5%，and 20 females，accounting for 62.5%.HAMD scores of the group of taking poison on purpose were significantly higher than those of the group of taking poison by mistakes，so the difference was statistically significant（P<0001）.HAMD scores of the group with organic diseases were significantly higher than those of the group without organic diseases，so the difference was statistically significant（P<0001）.

ConclusionAcute poisoning is mainly caused by taking poison on purpose，and depression is related to organic diseases.

【Key words】acute poisoning；depression；correlative factors

急性中毒主要是指毒物在极短的时间内进入人体，使人体机体受到损害并产生器官功能障碍。而相关研究调查发现，在所有的急性中毒患者中，自主服毒和过量服药的患者占多数，这一行为严重地影响了家庭的正常生活和社会的和谐稳定[1]。因此，我院以2012年8月～2014年6月收治的66例急性中毒患者作为研究对象，对他们的中毒原因、社会心理因素以及患者并发的精神症状进行分析，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1临床资料选取我院2012年8月～2014年6月收治的66例急性中毒患者作为研究对象，男29例，女37例，年龄15～78岁，平均（40.6±5.2）岁，中毒时间10～500 min，平均（118.2±12.2）min。本组患者均为口服中毒，其中主动服毒、过量服药的患者46例，误服中毒的患者20例。对66例急性中毒患者进行社会心理因素分析可得：其中在发病前有抑郁倾向的37例，占所有患者的56.1%，待患者病情稳定后进行调查发现病史中有抑郁倾向的23例，占所有患者的34.8%。……