李燕

[關键词] 社区老年慢性病;生活方式;健康教育;日常护理;护理效果;护理依从性

[中图分类号] R473.2          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）27-0176-04

Effect of health education on management of chronic life style in elderly in community

LI Yan

Department of Outpatient at Shibaqiao，the Second People's Hospital of Jingdezhen City in Jiangxi Province，Jingdezhen 333000，China

[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of health education in the management of chronic life style in the elderly in community. Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community from October 2019 to October 2020 were retrospectively selected and divided into the routine nursing group and the health education group according to the nursing methods， with 50 patients in each group. The daily nursing group was treated with daily nursing， and the health education group was treated with health education based on daily nursing. The nursing effects， relevant clinical indicators and nursing compliance of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results The knowledge mastery rate， disease awareness rate and good life style rate of patients in the health education group were significantly higher than those in the daily nursing group，with significant difference （P<0.05）， and the complication rate of patients in the health education group？was significantly lower than that in the daily nursing group，with significant difference（P<0.05）. After the nursing， the reaching the stardard rate of blood glucose， lipids， blood pressure，and awareness rate of non-drug therapy in both groups were significantly higher than those before the nursing，with significant difference（P<0.05）. After the nursing， the reaching the stardard rate of blood glucose， lipids， blood pressure，and awareness rate of non-drug therapy in the health education group were significantly higher than those in the health education group，with significant difference （P<0.05）.The proportions of regular medication， blood pressure self-monitoring， scientific exercise and reasonable diet in the health education group were significantly higher than those in the daily nursing group，with significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion The effect of health education in the management of chronic life style in the elderly in community is good.

[Key words] Community elderly chronic disease; Life style; Health education; Daily nurse; Nursing effect; Nursing compliance

近年来，我国老年人数量日益增加，老年人群比例日益提升，社会各界也日益广泛关注了老年人的健康问题，其中焦点之一为老年人群各种慢性病的管理[1]。相关医学研究表明[2]，老年人机体各脏器功能随着年龄的增加逐渐减退甚至衰竭，慢性病严重影响了患者健康。现阶段，社区是大部分老年人生活、活动区域，在老年人健康教育与健康指导中发挥着极为重要的作用。因此，要想促进老年人慢性病发病率的降低、治疗效果的提升，关键是要积极采取有效措施促进社区医疗服务质量的提升，对老年人的不良生活习惯进行改善。本研究统计分析2019年10月至2020年10月社区老年慢性病患者100例的临床资料，研究社区老年慢性病生活方式管理中健康教育的效果，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

回顾性分析2019年10月至2020年10月社区老年慢性病患者100例，依据护理方法分为日常护理组和健康教育组（在日常护理基础上采用健康教育），每组各50例。日常护理组患者男24例（48.0%），女26例（52.0%），年龄64～77岁，平均（70.2±5.4）岁。在疾病类型方面，糖尿病28例（56.0%），高血脂26例（52.0%），高血压19例（38.0%），冠心病6例（12.0%），其他慢性病2例（4.0%）;在疾病种类方面，1种31例（62.0%），2种及以上19例（38.0%）。健康教育组男25例（50.0%），女25例（50.0%），年龄63～76岁，平均（69.5±5.2）岁。在疾病类型方面，糖尿病29例（58.0%），高血脂27例（54.0%），高血压18例（36.0%），冠心病5例（10.0%），其他慢性病2例（4.0%）;在疾病种类方面，1种32例（64.0%），2种及以上18例（36.0%）。……