王宏云

摘要：茶业是安徽省的特色优势产业，提升茶叶生产效益有助于推进山区经济发展，而规范茶园管理，尤其是提高灾害防控能力能够最大化提升效益。文章以安徽省黄山、六安两市问卷调研数据为基础，采用多元回归模型分析茶园管理，尤其是灾害防控方面对茶园生产效益的影响，研究发现适当增加茶农人数，增加农资费、用工费等，提升茶园机械化程度，有助于改善茶园管理综合质量。此外，受访对象中55.42%的农户未采取防灾减灾措施，缺乏灾害防控意识，建议适当增加人力资本、物质资本以及加强灾害防控宣传力度，完善灾害预警体系。

关键词：茶园;管理模式;生产效益;灾害防控

Influence of Different Tea Garden Management

Modes on Production Benefit

——Based on Data Analysis of Tea Farmers in Anhui Province

WANG Hongyun

College of Tea and Food Science and Technology， Anhui Agricultural University， Hefei 230036， China

Abstract： Tea industry is a characteristic and advantageous industry in Anhui Province， can promote the economic

development in mountainous areas. While standardizing tea garden management， especially disaster prevention and

control， can maximize the benefits. Based on the questionnaire survey data of Huangshan and Lu'an cities in Anhui

Province， this paper analyzed the impact of tea garden management， especially under disasters， on tea production

efficiency by using a multiple regression model. It was found that appropriately increasing human capital， including

the number of tea farmer， agricultural expenses and labor expenses， could improve the comprehensive  quality of

tea garden management. In addition， 55.42% of farmers had not taken disaster prevention and mitigation measures，

and farmers lacked the awareness of disaster prevention and control. It was suggested that human capital， material

capital and disaster prevention and control propaganda should be appropriately expanded.

Keywords： tea garden， management mode， production benefit， disaster prevention and control

我国栽培茶叶和饮茶历史悠久，茶叶作为高附加值经济作物，在茶农家庭收入和农业农村经济中占有重要地位[1]。伴随全球气候变化，自然灾害愈发频繁，由此引发的财产损失不可估量。农业生产相对于其他产业，更易受到自然灾害的冲击。安徽茶产区多属于亚热带湿润区，低山丘陵地貌，降雨充沛，土壤多为黄壤，有机质丰富，适宜茶树栽培，但同时也经常遭受霜冻和旱涝的侵袭，影响茶叶产量和品质。

茶园管理是保障茶产业稳定持续健康发展的重要因素，茶园规模、茶园常规管理（如修剪、施肥等）、农户家庭特征、涉茶人数、是否加入合作社等都可能影响茶叶的加工、销售等过程，而其中灾害因素是不可控变量，特别是遭受旱涝侵袭和霜冻影响时，因此研究茶园管理与生产效益的关系，对于茶农稳定增收具有现实意义。……