果蔬凉菜的腐败微生物及其风险
2021-12-09袁洋
袁洋
摘 要:果蔬凉菜作为人们饮食结构和饮食行业的重要组成部分,在为人们带来美味享受的同时,也往往会因为凉菜加工工艺过程不合理、存储不当等原因造成腐败微生物的滋生,严重危害人们的身体健康,因此认识果蔬凉菜的腐败微生物及其风险,掌握其防御措施是十分必要的。本文在明确果蔬凉菜概念的基础上,分析果蔬凉菜的腐败微生物的种类,探索果蔬凉菜的腐败微生物危害的防御措施,旨在保障食品卫生安全。
关键词:果蔬凉菜;腐败微生物;风险
The Spoilage Microorganisms and Risks of Cold Dishes of Fruits and Vegetables
YUAN Yang
(Xiamen Industrial-Commercial & Tourism School, Xiamen 361024, China)
Abstract: Fruit and vegetable cold dishes are an important part of peoples diet structure and food industry. While bringing people delicious enjoyment, they also often cause the growth of spoilage microorganisms due to unreasonable cold food processing technology and improper storage, which seriously endanger peoples health. Therefore, it is very necessary to understand the spoilage microorganisms and their risks of fruit and vegetable cold dishes, and to master their defense measures. On the basis of clarifying the concept of fruit and vegetable cold dishes, this paper analyzes the types of spoilage microorganisms in fruit and vegetable cold dishes, and explores the defensive measures against the hazards of spoilage microorganisms in fruit and vegetable cold dishes, aiming to ensure food hygiene and safety.
Keywords: fruit and vegetable cold dishes; spoilage microorganisms; risk
1 果蔬涼菜的概念
果蔬凉菜由于制作简单、开胃爽口、种类繁多、可荤可素,常常被当作佐餐小菜,在多地的多种餐厅作为特色食品来经营。果蔬凉菜种类繁多,从食用角度常分为调味类、素菜类、水果类、奶油类等多种品种,按主要原料来分,则有番茄凉菜、苹果凉菜、生菜凉菜等;按加工工艺的起源地来分,有印度风味凉菜、韩式沙拉、德式水果凉菜、法式多味凉菜等[1]。
果蔬凉菜通常都不经过高温加热,这样就避免发生营养素的破坏,但是由于凉拌菜的制作大多没有经过高温的烹制和杀菌步骤,再加上烹制过程对于环境卫生、个人卫生的不注意,操作的不规范,往往会造成果蔬冷菜的污染,严重危害着人们的身体健康,因此在凉菜烹调和食用的过程中一定严防腐败微生物的侵入和滋生,以免造成凉菜的污染。
2 果蔬凉菜的食品安全问题
2.1 食品安全质量控制的不规范……p>
