杜园元 朱琳琳 于微微

【摘  要】建筑业是我国国民经济的重要支柱之一，拥有数量庞大的从业人员。随着建筑技术的不断发展，尤其是装配式建筑的发展，促使建筑企业对土木建筑人才的综合素养能力要求不断提高，培养与建筑企业岗位相适应的土木建筑人才成为推动建筑行业高质量发展的关键。论文以建筑企业对土木建筑人才的需求情况作为切入点，分析建筑企业土木建筑人才培养面临的困境，最后提出培养与建筑企业岗位相适应的高素质人才的具体对策，以此为建筑行业高质量发展提供高素质实用型人才。

【Abstract】The construction industry is one of the important pillars of China's national economy， with a large number of employees. With the continuous development of construction technology， especially the development of prefabricated construction， this has prompted construction enterprises to continuously improve the comprehensive literacy and ability requirements of civil construction talents， and training civil construction talents suitable for the positions of construction enterprises has become the key to promote the high quality development of the construction industry. Taking the demand condition of construction enterprises for civil construction talents as the starting point， this paper analyzes the difficulties faced by the training of civil construction talents in construction enterprises， and finally puts forward the specific countermeasures to train high quality talents suitable for the positions of construction enterprises， so as to provide high quality practical talents for the high quality development of the construction industry.

【关键词】建筑企业;人才培养;需求;职业素养;工匠人才

【Keywords】construction enterprises; talents training; demand; professional quality; craftsman talents

【中图分类号】F272.92                                             【文献标志码】A                                                 【文章编号】1673-1069（2021）11-0167-03

1 引言

建筑业是促进国民经济发展的重要产业，大力发展装配式建筑成为建筑行业供给侧结构性改革的重要方向。人才是支撑建筑业发展的关键因素，然而基于建筑行业的新常态、新发展，尤其是装配式建筑的兴起，BIM技术的应用暴露出我国高素质土木建筑人才的匮乏。如何全面提升建筑工人的职业素养和技能水平，缓解当前建筑技能工匠人才短缺的结构性矛盾成为建筑企业人才培养工作中所必须思考的问题。现结合多年工作实践经验，本文立足于建筑企业岗位的新要求分析土木建筑人才培养的新策略。

2 建筑企业对土木建筑人才的需求情况调研

为准确地了解当前建筑企业对人才的需求，本文采取问卷调查的方式，选择哈尔滨市70家建筑企业进行调查，主要分析企业对土木建筑人的需求情况，通过对调查结果进行统计得出以下结论：