杨力

摘  要：现阶段如何提升创新创业效果，需要积极探索培养新时代双创人才的创新创业教育新模式。为此，通过对目前高校创新创业实施过程中存在的大学生创新创业意识不强、专业教育与创新创业教育融合不够、创新创业教育模式单一等问题分析，将“虚拟企业”理念融入到创新创业教育模式改革中，提出了基于“虚拟企业”的线上线下混合式创新创业教育新模式。首先在专业教育基础上，通过构建面向“虚拟企业”的创新创业教育线上资源，其次创建线上线下结合的虚拟团队，最后通过“虚拟企业”创业准备、“虚拟企业”创业计划、“虚拟企业”创业实施及“虚拟企业”创业评价等阶段来实现创新创业教育目标。该模式的应用不仅能够极大提升大学生创新创业能力，而且为创新创业教育可持续发展提供了新的思路。

关键词：虚拟企业;创新创业;混合式教学;虚拟团队

中图分类号：G640      文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）21-0030-05

Abstract： At present， in order to improve the effect of innovation and entrepreneurship， a new mode of innovation and entrepreneurship education should be actively explored to cultivate innovative talents in the new era. Therefore， the problems existing in the implementation of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities are analyzed， such as the weak awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship， insufficient integration of professional education and innovation and entrepreneurship education， and the single mode of innovation and entrepreneurship education. The concept of "virtual enterprise" is integrated into the innovation and entrepreneurship education model reform. The online and offline hybrid innovation and entrepreneurship education based on "virtual enterprise" is proposed pattern. Firstly， based on professional education， the online resources of innovation and entrepreneurship education oriented to "virtual enterprise" are constructed. Secondly， a virtual team combining online and offline is organized. Finally， the goal of innovation and entrepreneurship education is realized with the stages of "virtual enterprise" entrepreneurship preparation， "virtual enterprise" entrepreneurship plan， "virtual enterprise" entrepreneurship implementation and "virtual enterprise" entrepreneurship evaluation. The application of this model can not only greatly improve the innovation and entrepreneurship ability of universities， but also provide a new idea for the sustainable development of innovation and entrepreneurship education.

Keywords： virtual enterprise; innovation and entrepreneurship; hybrid teaching; virtual team

在國家“大众创业、万众创新”驱动发展战略背景下，互联网+、大数据、云计算、区块链、人工智能等与传统产业深度融合，为主动应对新一轮科技革命与产业变革，支撑服务创新驱动发展、《中国制造2025》等一系列国家战略，新工科、新农科、新医科等各种新业态、新模式与新专业不断涌现，为大学生的创新创业工作提供了契机。未来新兴产业和新经济需要实践能力强、创新能力强、具备国际竞争力的高素质复合型新型人才，高校作为经济社会发展人才培养的重要基地，应抓住机遇，以提高创新创业意识和能力为目标，积极探索培养新时代双创人才的创新创业教育新模式。……