农业转型发展对农村劳动力素质提升的启示——以北京延庆区为例
2021-08-30李一粟夏素霞
李一粟 夏素霞



摘要 在我国超高速的经济发展过程中,国民经济结构中的主导产业已经由农业转变为非农业产业,农业转型发展是产业结构调整的需要。农村劳动力素质是农业转型发展的主要待解决的问题之一。以北京市延庆区近些年来的农业转型升级为案例,研究分析延庆区在农业转型升级过程带动农村劳动力素质提升的积极因素,以期为其他地区的转型升级发展提供研究参考。
关键词 农业转型;农村劳动力素质;启示
中图分类号 F 323.6 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)16-0239-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.16.063 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
The Enlightenment of Agricultural Transformation Development to the Improvement of Rural Labor Quality—Taking Yanqing District in Beijing for Example
LI Yi-su1,XIA Su-xia2 (1.Sanyuan Food Co., Ltd. of Beijing Capital Agribusiness Group, Beijing 100076; 2. Century College, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 102101)
Abstract In Chinas ultra-high-speed economic development process, the leading industry in the national economic structure has been transformed from agriculture to non-agricultural industry, agricultural transformation and development is the need of industrial structure adjustment. The quality of rural labor force is one of the main problems to be solved in agricultural transformation and development. This paper studies and analyzes the positive factors that promote the quality of rural labor force in the process of agricultural transformation and upgrading on base the agricultural transformation and upgrading of Yanqing District in Beijing as a case in recent years. It can provide research reference for the transformation and upgrading development of other regions.
Key words Agricultural transformation;Rural labor quality;Enlightenment
根据国家统计局最新发布的中国人口数量有关数据,全国农村人口数量有57661万人,占比41.48%[1]。按户籍统计,我国有9亿农业户籍人口,其中3亿多农业人口转化为第二第三产业工人。由于我国农村劳动力文化水平的参差不齐,众多农村劳动力的文化水平集中在小学初中等阶段,导致农村剩余劳动力在向第二产业、第三产业转移受困。程名望等[2]指出,农村劳动力由于文化程度偏低,且绝大部分没有经过专业技术培训,无一技之长,所以大多在城市从事粗重、脏累、有毒、有害的简单体力工作[1]。因此作为“三农”问题核心的农民问题是我国现代化建设与全面建设小康社会的关键。如何通过加强对农村劳动力的培养,发展农村素质教育,从而提高农村劳动力素质,造就与发展新型职业农民;由此促进农村发展与农業产业转型升级,解决农民增收问题,是步入全面小康社会的中国要去解决的问题。……
