何旭　张卫正　杨青

摘 要 实验教学是“新工科”专业培养创新型人才的重要途径。本研究针对能源与动力专业核心课程“内燃机原理”传统实验教学存在的观摩为主、无法独立操作、难以开展极限条件研究、进行自主探索等问题，采用先进的虚拟仿真技术，建设“内燃机原理”实验慕课。通过对真实实验场景的重现，学生可以对设备进行认知和操作，独立完成全部实验过程，在复习和巩固理论课学习成果的同时，掌握开展内燃机性能实验的基本技能。在此基础上，通过课后自主实验设计，进行探索式研究，并结合课堂理论教学环节的讨论分析，展示实验结果。该课程已被认定为“国家虚拟仿真实验教学项目”，具有良好的应用前景，不但对“新工科”背景下的研究型教学进行了有益的探索和尝试，也可为虚拟仿真教学资源建设提供参考依据。

关键词 新工科 虚拟仿真实验 慕课

中图分类号：G424                                 文献标识码：A  DOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.11.042

Research and Practice of "Principles of Internal Combustion Engines" Experimental MOOC Based on the Virtual Simulation Technology

HE Xu， ZHANG Weizheng， YANG Qing

（Beijing Institute of Technology， School of Mechanical Engineering， Beijing 100081）

Abstract Experimental teaching is an important way to cultivate innovative talents in the "new engineering". The traditional experimental teaching of the core course "Principles of Internal Combustion Engines" for the energy and power engineering has some problems. Students observe too much but lack the chance to operate independently. It is also difficult to carry out extreme condition research and independent exploration. This research aims to construct "Principles of Internal Combustion Engines" experimental MOOC by using advanced virtual simulation technology. Students can reproduce the real lab to recognize and operate the equipment， implement the whole experiment independently， and master the basic skills of carrying out internal combustion engine performance experiments while reviewing and consolidating the learning results of theoretical courses. On this basis， exploratory research is carried out through independent experimental design after class， combined with the discussion and analysis of the theoretical teaching course， and the experimental results are shown. This MOOC has been recognized as a "National Virtual Simulation Experimental Teaching Project" and has good application prospects. It not only makes useful explorations and attempts on research-based teaching under the background of "new engineering"， but also provides resources for the construction of virtual simulation teaching.

Keywords new engineering; virtual simulation experiment; MOOC

0 引言

“新工科”是在当前国际竞争新形势和国家发展战略新需求下应运而生的教育改革的重大战略选择，以培养未来多元化、创新型卓越工程人才为目标，对高校传统工科专业课程的教学模式提出了新的要求。[1]近期多家高校纷纷出台“双一流”大学建设方案，将培养拔尖创新人才提高到前所未有的高度。通过围绕“强化基础、突出实践、提升能力、面向创新”的特色培养理念，采用高科技手段，促进科研与教学深度互动，开展研究型教学，探索不同模式下的“新工科”人才培养途徑。……