李嘉

摘 要：昆虫与农业是息息相关的。为了使更多的学生科学、清晰地认识昆虫并与其和谐共处，也为了开拓学生的视野、启迪学生对大自然的热爱，在农业院校开设昆虫学类校级公共选修课是本科生人才培养方案修订的一项特色内容。此类课程的教学理念是既要保证科学、严谨，又要通俗易懂、贴近生活，并且生动有趣，能调动学生的学习热情和积极性。作为昆虫学类校级公共选修课的教学探索与实践，特开设了基础昆虫学课程，该文从实例运用、比较法应用、知识拓展、多媒体和模型的应用、启发式教学、实践和竞赛等几个方面总结出了较为理想的教学方法，为课程进一步建设和改革奠定基础。

关键词：公共选修课;昆虫学;教学理念;方法

中图分类号 G642.0文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）11-0163-03

Teaching Exploration and Practice of School-level Public Elective Courses of Entomology in Agricultural Universities

—— Taking Basic Entomology as an Example

LI Jia

（Plant Protection College， Shenyang Agricultural University， Shenyang 110866， China）

Abstract： Insects are closely related to agriculture. In order to allow more students to have a scientific and clear understanding of insects and to live in harmony with them， as well as to broaden students′ horizons and enlighten students′ love of nature， the establishment of school-level public elective courses of entomology in agricultural universities is a feature content of revision of the undergraduate talent training program. The teaching philosophy of such courses is to ensure that they are scientific and rigorous， but also easy to understand， close to life， and lively and interesting， which can mobilize students′ enthusiasm and positivity for learning. As the teaching exploration and practice of entomological school-level public elective courses， the author offered the course of basic entomology， and summarized more ideal teaching methods from the aspects of application of examples， comparative methods， knowledge expansion， application of multimedia and models， heuristic teaching， practice and competition， which laid the foundation for further course construction and reform.

Key words： Public elective courses; Entomology; Teaching philosophy; Methods

1 引言

昆蟲是种类和数量最多的动物类群，分布相当广泛，并且与农业是息息相关的[1]。农业院校昆虫学专业的学生可以系统地学习昆虫知识并接受相关技能的训练，但此类专业仅见于植物保护、生物学、林学等学科，而其他各类学科专业的学生则鲜有机会进行昆虫学课程的学习。为了使学生更好地了解昆虫并与其和谐共处，也为了开拓学生的视野、启迪学生对自然的热爱，在农业院校开设昆虫学类校级公共选修课是本科生人才培养方案修订的一项特色内容。此类课程可以从各个方面介绍昆虫学基础知识，包括外部形态特征、内部构造生理……