毛昊旻 邢文杰 肖婷婷

摘  要：降低物流成本有利于推动我国国民经济升级转型，改善企业盈利结构。近年来国家和企业为降低物流成本颁布实施了一系列降本增效措施并取得了骄人的成绩，但与发达国家物流水平相比仍有较大差距。文章以物流成本为研究对象，基于消费者效用理论模型，研究发现：当物流成本显著降低后，消费者在不改变消费支出的前提下，能够从其他城市购买到更多数量的同质且价低的商品，从而使消费者效用更大化，带动消费行为。

关键词：物流成本;效用理论;消费效用;消费行为

中图分类号：F253.7    文献标识码：A

Abstract： Reducing logistics costs are conducive to promoting the upgrading and transformation of my country's national economy and improving the profit structure of enterprises. In recent years， countries and enterprises have promulgated and implemented a series of cost-reducing and efficiency-increasing measures to reduce logistics costs and have achieved remarkable results. However， there is still a big gap in the level of logistics compared with developed countries. The article takes logistics cost as the research object， and based on the consumer utility theory model， the research found that when the logistics cost of goods in a certain city is reduced， consumers can buy more homogeneous quantities from the city without changing their consumption expenditures. And low-priced goods， thereby making consumers more effective， driving consumer behavior.

Key words： logistics costs; utility theory; consumption utility; consuming behavior

0  引  言

物流業作为我国生产性服务领域内的新型主导性、战略性发展产业，为我国国民经济高速运行和高质量发展提供了源源不断的内生动力，行之有效地改善了我国居民的消费结构，提高了国民生活水平和质量[1]。近年来跨国公司的物流需求迅猛增长，物流业的长足进步有效支撑了我国经济成为世界第二大经济体，同时，高速增长模式下掩盖的一些“秘密性”问题也慢慢的“原形毕露”了，计划经济时代留下的仓储运输体系已经远远不能满足现代物流需要[2]。因此全国范围内频繁出现铁路车皮紧缺、港口压船压港、海关保税仓库少、通关手续繁杂、道路拥堵、冷库资源不足、配送中心短缺、第三方物流服务供给严重不足等问题，已经成为当下我国特色市场经济运行中急需整改完善的突出性问题[3]。……