李晓慧 赵爱玲

摘 要 美国是世界上较早关注国民阅读的国家之一，长期以来在政府的主导和积极引领下，制定了较完备的法律法规和政策措施，充分调动起了各类图书馆和社会机构的力量，在实践中逐步形成了适合美国民众特点、有利于培养儿童和青少年阅读习惯的多种活动方式，积累了较为丰富的经验。本文从宏观角度梳理了美国阅读推广活动的发展历程、主要方式，分析其基本特点，对我国各地正在兴起的全民阅读推广活动，尤其是高校图书馆正在积极探索阅读推广活动的新方式，具有一定的参考价值和点滴启示。

关键词 阅读推广 美国 国民阅读 高校

分类号 G252

DOI 10.16810/j.cnki.1672-514X.2021.05.015

Promoting Reading to Enlighten Peoples Wisdom： Analysis of the Main Ways and Characteristics of Reading Promotion Activities in the United States

Li Xiaohui， Zhao Ailing

Abstract The United States is one of the countries that pay attention to national reading earlier in the world. As a long time， under the guidance and active guidance of the government， the United States has formulated relatively complete laws， regulations， policies and measures， fully mobilized the strength of various libraries and social institutions， and gradually formed a variety of activities suitable for the characteristics of the American people and conducive to the cultivation of children and young peoples reading habits. They have accumulated much valuable experience. This paper reviews the development process and main methods of reading promotion activities in the United States from a macro perspective， and analyzes its basic characteristics. It has certain reference value and was worth being introduced and learned seriously for the national reading promotion activities which are rising all over China， especially the university libraries are actively exploring new ways of reading promotion activities.

Keywords Reading promotion. United States. National reading. University.

聯合国教科文组织已经把阅读作为衡量一个国家国民文化素质的重要指标，并从1995年起把每年的4月23日（莎士比亚的生日）作为世界读书日，以期促使世界各国的民众坚持读书、多读书、读好书。希望通过阅读促进世界各民族之间的相互了解、友好交往与合作发展，促进人类社会的和谐进步与文明相融。目前，不少国家已经把阅读作为增强综合国力的重要因素和潜在动力，把阅读提升到国家发展战略的高度来认知和对待。

美国是世界上较早关注国民阅读的国家之一，长期以来，在政府的主导和积极引领下，制定了较完备的法律法规和政策措施，充分调动起了各类图书馆和社会机构的力量，在实践中逐步形成了适合美国民众特点、有利于培养儿童和青少年阅读习惯的多种活动方式，积累了较丰富的经验。……