张芮 伍蓓

摘  要：新经济时代对人才培养提出了更高要求，然而大学生实习实践能力薄弱已成共性问题。文章提出的融合学校、企业、政府共建双师型四阶段Co-op实习框架，以及形成的Co-op实习“一二三四五模式”，在教育理念、管理方法、评价体系等方面借鉴了北美大学的成功经验，同时也兼顾我国产教融合背景和人才需求特点，并做适当的创新实践探索。形成了产教融合、双元育人的Co-op实习教育理念，打造了四维一体、市场驱动的Co-op实习管理方法，构建了学以致用、为教赋能的Co-op实习评价体系，这些都有效的推动了学生参与实习工作的主动性，增强了学生实习工作的透明度，助推实习工作的有效性，对学生实践能力的提升有显著的正向作用。

关键词：产教融合;Co-op实习;体系建构

中图分类号：G640       文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）03-0051-04

Abstract： In the new economic era， higher requirements have been put forward for personnel training. However， the weak practical ability of college students has become a common problem. This paper proposes a four-stage Co-op internship framework of integrating universities， enterprises and governments， and a "one， two， three， four and five" model of Co-op internship. It draws on the successful experience of North American universities in terms of education concept， management method and evaluation system， and also takes into account the background of China's teaching integration and the characteristics of talent demand， and makes appropriate innovative practice exploration. It has formed the Co-op internship education concept of integration of industry and teaching， dual education， created a four-dimensional， market-driven Co-op internship management method， and built a Co-op internship evaluation system of learning for application and empowering teaching， which effectively promoted the initiative of students to participate in the internship work， enhanced the transparency and promoted the effectiveness. It has a significant positive effect on the improvement of students' practical ability.

Keywords： integration of industry and education; Co-op internship; system construction

随着我国“创新驱动发展”“互联网+”“产教融合”等重大战略的实施，以新技术、新业态、新产业、新模式为特点的新经济对人才培养提出了新的要求。习近平总书记在“全国教育大会（2018）”上，强调着重培养创新型、复合型、应用型人才。然而，我国的高等教育人才培养却面临一系列问题，如高等教育与社会实际相脱节、不了解社会或业界的需求等。教育部副部长林蕙青在2018年的高端访谈中就特别提到实习实训难，已成为影响高校人才培养的瓶颈，并给记者展示了一组数据：近期对全国22个省市数百所高校和用人单位问卷调查显示，80%的调查对象认为“当前我国大学生实践能力培养的薄弱之处主要体现在校外实习环节”。……