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学习动力、学习状态调查结果分析研究

2021-06-20李慧曲亮生王坤王玉良

高教学刊 2021年3期

李慧 曲亮生 王坤 王玉良

摘  要:文章调查了海军航空大学2018级学员的学习动力和学习状态,并与2014级学员的学习动力做了比较研究。结果显示2018级学员的学习动力系统不够完善,主要体现在内部动力不足,在外部动力方面,学员自主意识越来越强,外界(例如社会、家庭)对学员学习的影响比例在降低。2018级学员的元学习状态,从总体来说,处于中等水平,6个维度的调查结果,从好到差依次是意识性、准备性、控制性、补救性、计划性、反馈性。相较于2014级学员,2018级学员的在综合动力方面变化不大,内部动力和外部动力都有一定的变化。元学习状态在控制性、补救性、准备性、计划性等各方面都有不同程度的提高。

关键词:学习效果;学习动力;学习状态

中图分类号:G640 文献标志码:A         文章编号:2096-000X(2021)03-0193-04

Abstract: This paper investigates the learning motivation and learning state of the students of grade 2018 in Naval Aviation University, and compares the learning motivation with that of the students of grade 2014. The results show that the learning motivation system of the 2018 students is not perfect, mainly reflected in the lack of internal motivation. In the external motivation, the students' sense of autonomy is stronger and stronger, and the external(such as society, family) on the impact of students' learning is decreasing. The meta-learning state of the 2018 students, in general, is at the medium level, and the results from six dimensions, from good to bad, are consciousness, preparation, control, remedy, planning and feedback. Compared with the class of 2014, the students of 2018 have little change in comprehensive motivation, internal motivation and external motivation have certain changes. The meta-learning state is improved in control, remedy, preparation, planning and so on.

Keywords: learning effect; learning motivation; learning state

笔者所在学校(海军航空大学)2018年共招收舰载机飞行学员135名,大学物理教学团队成员对2018级学员进行了学习动力、学习状态的调查,调查结果如下:

一、学习动力调查结果

学习动力可解释为,推动学习不断前进,激勵学习行为持久并达到预定目标的学习作用力。学习动力又分为内部动力、外部动力和综合动力等。内部动力是指产生于学习者内部需要而推动学习的一种力量,包括:需求、目标意识、兴趣、动机、情感、意志等,其特点是:深刻,持久,属自发或自觉性的。外部动力是指由客观目标或要求等诱发的一种学习力量,包括:社会舆论与激励、学校的奖惩、家庭的鞭策与督促,其特点是:引诱、监督、激励,属外诱(或外压)性的。……

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