马士超 贾艳菊 马启迪 张寿常 林龙慧美 于梦 李振

摘要 [目的]研究黑果腺肋花楸多糖的最佳提取工艺，并考察其体外抗氧化活性。[方法]采用超声波辅助提取，探究提取温度、提取时间、超声功率、料液比对黑果腺肋花楸多糖提取率的影响，采取正交试验法对其工艺参数进行优化，并进行体外抗氧化活性分析。[结果]超声波辅助提取黑果腺肋花楸多糖最佳工艺为提取时间30 min、料液比1∶25、提取温度30 ℃、超声功率360 W，在此条件下，黑果腺肋花楸多糖提取率为13.09%。在黑果腺肋花楸多糖浓度为6.0 mg/mL时，其对·OH清除率为73.08%;当浓度为0.60 mg/mL时，其在所选浓度范围内还原能力最大，吸光度为0.879，对DPPH自由基的清除率达97.99%。[结论]该研究可为黑果腺肋花楸多糖工业化生产提供理论依据，并对其食品开发具有重要意义。

关键词 黑果腺肋花楸;多糖;提取;抗氧化活性

中图分类号 R284文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2021）02-0154-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.02.042

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Study on Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides from Sorbus arborescens

MA Shichao，JIA Yanju，MA Qidi et al

（College of Pharmacy，Linyi University，Linyi，Shandong276005）

Abstract [Objective]To study the best extraction process of polysaccharides from Sorbus arborescens and to investigate its antioxidant activity in vitro. [Method]Ultrasoundassisted extraction was used to explore the effects of extraction temperature， extraction time， ultrasonic power， and solidliquid ratio on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from S. arborescens， and orthogonal process was used to optimize its process parameters. The antioxidant activity in vitro was analyzed. [Result]The best technology of ultrasonicassisted extraction of polysaccharides from S. arborescens was extraction time 30 min， solidliquid ratio 1∶25， extraction temperature 30 ℃， ultrasonic power 360 W. Under those conditions， the extraction rate of S. arborescens polysaccharide was 13.09%. At the concentration of 6.0 mg/mL polysaccharides of S. arborescens， the scavenging rate for hydroxyl radicals was 73.08%; when the concentration was 0.60 mg/mL， the reducing power（0.879） was the largest in the selected concentration range， for DPPH，the free radical scavenging rate reached 97.99%. [Conclusion] This research can provide a theoretical basis for the industrial production of polysaccharides from S. arborescens and has important significance for the development of its food.

Key words Sorbu arborescens;Polysaccharides;Extraction;Antioxidant activity

黑果腺肋花楸又名野櫻莓、不老莓，属蔷薇科植物[1-2]。原盛产于北美州的东北部，国外已经有几百年的种植经验[3-4]。其果实中含有丰富的原花青素、酚酸、多糖等多种活性成分[5-6]，具有抗疲劳、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤等作用[2]。多糖是由醛基和羰基通过苷键连接的高分子聚合物，广泛存在于植物中，可清除机体自由基，防治细菌、病毒、肿瘤、糖尿病等疾病。因此，积极开发植物多糖具有重要的临床价值。该研究拟测定黑果腺肋花楸多糖的含量，筛选出最佳提取工艺，考察其体外抗氧化作用，以期为黑果腺肋花楸的开发和应用提供理论依据。……