普通高等学校大班教学现状、改进措施与实践
2021-06-15杨若林刘坚华
杨若林 刘坚华



摘 要:大班授课是教学资源紧张、生师比过高情况下的无奈之举,如何在现有条件下提升大班教学的质量是亟待解决的问题。不断完善课程内容,使其更具逻辑性、启发性,是改进大班教学的首要任务。此外,在大班中建立学习小组,或者采用大班授课、小班研讨的模式将有助于教学质量的提升;通过充分利用多媒体设施、电子投票系统或即时通信技术也能提升学生对课程的兴趣,提高学生在课堂教学中的参与度;线上+线下混合教学也是可供尝试的新型教学策略。实践表明,即使不使用新型教学手段,仅对课程内容和授课模式进行调整,大班教学也可以达到与小班授课同等的教学效果。
关键词:大班教学;教学现状;改进措施
中图分类号:G642 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2021)13-0096-05
Abstract: Large group teaching is a helpless move when teaching resources are tight and the student-teacher ratio is too high. How to improve the quality of large group teaching under the current conditions is an urgent problem to be solved. Improving the course content is the most important for teaching large class. In addition, the establishment of study groups in large classes, or the mode of large group lectures and small group seminars will be beneficial; the use of multimedia technology, electronic voting systems or instant messaging technology can also increase students' interest and participation; online and offline mixed teaching is also an effective teaching methods. Our practice shows that only adjusting the course content and teaching mode, large group teaching can achieve the same teaching effect as the small one.
Keywords: large group teaching; teaching condition; improving measures
大班教学是我国普通高等学校中一种非常普遍的教学模式。有关“大班”的界定非常模糊,有研究表明教师的视野覆盖范围大约为25人[1],超过约30人的授课班级即可称为“大班”。而现实中学生的感受差异非常大,有的学生觉得60人以上就算大班,也有学生觉得200人以上才算大班。当他们被要求选择合适的授课班级人数时,90%的学生选择了15~100人规模的班级[2]。也就是说,对于绝大部分学生来说,超过100人的班级就较难接受了。
在我国,大班教学比例与教学资源、招生规模息息相关。“2019年全国教育事业发展统计公报”显示,2019年本专科招生人数继续增长,普通本专科招生增长15.67%,在校生达到3031.53万人。……
