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高龄患者PCI术后生活质量影响因素的调查分析

2021-05-06马金玲张晓岩韩晓丹高威

中国医学创新 2021年1期
关键词:生活质量

马金玲 张晓岩 韩晓丹 高威

【摘要】 目的:調查高龄患者PCI术后生活质量情况的影响因素 方法:选取2017年1月-2019年12月某院心血管内科病房患者PCI术后患者165例为研究对象,使用中国心血管患者生活质量评定问卷(CQQC)、一般资料调查表进行问卷调查。应用多元线性回归对高龄患者PCI术后生活质量的影响因素进行分析,制定有效的护理干预策略。结果:高龄患者PCI术后生活质量得分(57.39±13.90)分远远低于正常人群,经单因素分析结果显示术后发生心力衰竭和心绞痛、随诊、照顾者、运动训练、平均每周运动时长、服药依从性、术后血脂、术后血压、文化程度、PCI次数与术后生活质量有密切关系(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、服药依从性、心力衰竭及心绞痛是高龄PCI患者术后生活质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:高龄患者PCI术后生活质量处于较低或极低水平,医务人员应当重点关注高龄患者PCI术后生活质量的影响因素,制定有针性的对策,强化高龄患者PCI术后二级预防管理,从根本上改善其生活质量。

【关键词】 高龄患者 经皮冠状动脉介入术 生活质量 影响因素分析 干预策略

Investigation and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Life Quality after PCI in Elderly Patients/MA Jinling, ZHANG Xiaoyan, HAN Xiaodan, GAO Wei. //Medical Innovation of China, 2021, 18(01): -176

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the influencing factors and of life quality after PCI in elderly patients. Method: A total of 165 cases of patients after PCI in the department of cardiovascular medicine of a hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the research object,using Chinese cardiovascular patients life quality evaluation questionnaire (CQQC) and general information questionnaire survey. By multiple linear regression to elderly patients with PCI postoperative analyzed the factors influencing the quality of life, and maked effective nursing intervention strategy. Result: The score of quality of life (57.39±13.90) scores of elderly patients after PCI was far lower than that of the normal population, by the single factor analysis showed postoperative heart failure and angina pectoris ,follow-up,caregivers,sports training,average weekly exercise duration,medicication compliance, postoperative blood lipid, postoperative blood pressure, degree of education and PCI times had close relationship with postoperative quality of life (P<0.05). The multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that degree of education, medicication compliance and postoperative heart failure and angina pectoris were the influence factors of elderly patients with PCI postoperative quality of life (P<0.05). Conclusion: The quality of life of elderly patients after PCI is low or very low. Medical personnel should focus on the influencing factors of life quality of elderly patients after PCI, formulate needle-like countermeasures, strengthen secondary prevention management after PCI for elderly patients, and fundamentally improve their quality of life.

[Key words] Elderly patients Percutaneous coronary intervention Quality of life Analysis of influencing factors Intervention strategy

First-authors address: Jinqiu Hospital of Liaoning, Shenyang 110015, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.01.042

经皮冠脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)是冠脉血运重建、缓解症状、改善预后、提高生活质量的重要治疗措施[1],但局限血流动力学改变并不能阻止动脉粥样硬化的生理病理改变,发生心血管不良事件的危险因素持续存在,一部分患者经PCI治疗后生活质量改善不理想,仍会发生心脏不良事件。生活质量是指患者对自己身体状态、心理功能、社会功能以及个人整体情形的一种体验,并且作为新一代健康评价指标正逐渐被广泛接受[2-3]。我国现处于老龄化社会,高龄老人冠心病发生率逐年上升[4],PCI术已成为冠心病治疗的首选方案之一,但其术后生活质量存在很大差异性,尤其对高龄患者而言,年龄大、病程长、基础病多等特点更加大了手术的难度,因此高龄患者PCI术后生活质量基本处于较低或极低的水平,急需得到关注和针对性的改善。……

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