赵瑾璋 孙曙光 周明

【摘要】 糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）是一组以慢性高血糖为主要特征的临床综合征，发病原因目前国内外还未研究清楚，也无根治方法。糖尿病患者同时会伴有血糖、血脂、电解质等代谢紊乱，随着病情延长会伴慢性并发症，导致多种器官功能减退甚至衰竭，这为患者及家属生活带来了很大负担。糖尿病患者占据了内分泌科患者的大多数，临床医生在对患者进行诊治的过程中往往关注病情，对患者本人的生活质量注意较少，更忽略了糖尿病患者的主要照顾者。本文综述了中外有关糖尿病患者与主要照顾者生活质量及相关影响因素研究的文献，介绍了本领域的研究现状，详细梳理了相关的影响因素，并且指出目前尚未研究到的空白，为今后对提高糖尿病患者及其主要照顾者的生活质量等研究提供了方向。

【关键词】 糖尿病 主要照顾者 生活质量

Summary of Quality of Life and Related Influencing Factors of Diabetic Patients and Main Caregivers/ZHAO Jinzhang， SUN Shuguang， ZHOU Ming. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（01）： -188

[Abstract] Diabetes mellitus （DM） is a group of clinical syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia， the cause of the disease has not been clearly studied at home and abroad， and there is no radical treatment. Diabetic patients will be accompanied with metabolic disorders such as blood glucose， blood lipids， electrolytes and other metabolic disorders， with the prolongation of the disease， there will be chronic complications， leading to multiple organ dysfunction or even failure， which brings a great burden to the life of patients and their families. Diabetes patients account for the majority of endocrine patients， clinicians in the process of diagnosis and treatment of patients tend to pay attention to the disease， pay less attention to the quality of life of patients themselves， and ignore the main caregivers of diabetic patients. This paper reviews the literature on the quality of life and related influencing factors of diabetic patients and their main caregivers at home and abroad， introduces the research status in this field， combs the relevant influencing factors in detail， and points out the blank that has not been studied at present， which provides the direction for the future research on improving the quality of life of diabetic patients and their main caregivers.

[Key words] Diabetes Primary caregiver Quality of life

First-authors address： Clinical Medical College of Dali University， Dali 671000， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.01.045

糖尿病在我國乃至世界都是一种常见病、多发病，目前无根治办法，患者需要终身治疗，且患者数量每年都在增加，医疗负担沉重，另外患者的心理健康也受到影响[1]。已有研究表明，心理问题会降低患者控制血糖的依从性，影响患者控糖，甚至在漫长治疗过程中有些患者罹患抑郁症[2]。同样，糖尿病主要照顾者也要承担一定压力，在照顾患者过程中包括送医、陪护甚至长时间陪伴要付出时间、精力、财力与物力等，同时照顾者也要承担心理压力，这些都会影响其生活质量。患者与……