董斌

【摘要】 目的：探討食品结构调整护理对支气管哮喘患者并发症及生命质量的影响。方法：选取2018年2月-2020年2月本院收治的160例支气管哮喘患者，按照随机数字表法将患者分为观察组与对照组，每组80例。对照组应用常规护理方式，观察组在常规护理基础上应用食品结构调整护理。对比两组护理效果、肺功能指标、并发症发生情况、ACT和AQLQ评分情况。结果：护理后观察组总有效率为95.0%，对照组的总有效率为83.8%，观察组高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理后观察组DLCO%pred、RV/TLC、FEV1/FVC%指标均优于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组并发症总发生率为3.8%，对照组并发总发生率为15.0%，观察组低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理后观察组AQLQ和ACT评分均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：对支气管哮喘患者在传统护理基础上应用食品结构调整护理能够提升患者的治疗总有效率，提升肺功能，减少并发症情况，提高患者的生命质量，值得临床应用推广。

【关键词】 食品结构调整 支气管哮喘 生命质量

Effect of Food Structure Adjustment Nursing on Complications and Quality of Life of Patients with Bronchial Asthma/DONG Bin. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（01）： -113

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of food structure adjustment nursing on complications and quality of life of patients with bronchial asthma. Method： A total of 160 patients with bronchial asthma admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected， they were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method， 80 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing， while the patients in the observation group were given food structure adjustment nursing on the basis of routine nursing. The nursing effect， pulmonary function indexes， occurrence of complications， ACT and AQLQ scores of two groups were compared. Result： After nursing， the total effective rate of the observation group after nursing was 95.0%， the control group was 83.8%， it was higher than that of the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. After nursing， the indexes of DLCO%pred， RV/TLC and FEV1/FVC% in the observation group were better than those in the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was 3.8%， the control group was 15.0%， which was lower than that in the control group， with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. After nursing， AQLQ and ACT scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The application of food structure adjustment nursing on the basis of traditional nursing care for patients with bronchial asthma can improve the total effective rate of patients， improve the lung function， reduce complications， improve the quality of life of patients， which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

[Key words] Food structure adjustment Bronchial asthma Quality of life

First-authors address： Panjin Central Hospital， Panjin 124010， China，

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.01.028

支气管哮喘是常见的一种由T淋巴细胞、肥大细胞以及嗜酸性粒细胞等多种炎性细胞参与的慢性气管炎性疾病，其发病机制和发病原因相对比较复杂，临床上患者多表现为咳嗽、胸闷、呼气性呼吸困难，而且患者病情通常会在清晨和夜间反复发作，严重影响患者的生命质量。相关研究表明，对支气管哮喘患者加强饮食护理，增强患者体质，能够减少支气管哮喘患者的发病次数与发作程度，能够显著提升患者的生活质量[1-3]。因此选取2018年6月-2020年2月本院收治的160例支气管哮喘患者进行分析，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2018年2月-2020年2月本院收治的160例支气管哮喘患者进行分析。纳入标准：符合中华医学会《支气管哮喘诊断与防治指南（2016版）》[4]，临床表现为反复咳嗽、喘息;所有患者经痰液免疫学检查、痰液细菌涂片检查、抗原皮内实验确诊。排除标准：其他心肺疾病，如COPD或肺水肿;呼吸分泌物难排除或者自主呼吸微弱;出现心律失常或休克;先天性心脏病者和有严重脏器功能障碍。……