废弃矿山生态环境治理措施探讨
2021-03-30田园园颜冬娜
田园园 颜冬娜



摘 要:为了探索废弃矿山生态环境修复治理的新途径,以河北省曲阳县某废弃矿山为例,通过地形测绘、野外调查、物探勘查等方法,对研究区内的现状环境进行了综合调查。结果表明,当前主要的矿山环境问题是土地资源破坏、地形地貌景观破坏、大气污染以及地质灾害隐患等。通过台阶式降坡卸荷方式消除地灾隐患,再采取工程措施及生物措施相结合的方式进行复绿。研究成果可为废弃矿山生态环境治理提供参考。
关键词:废弃矿山;治理措施;生态环境;环境治理
中图分类号 X171.4文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)05-0139-04
Abstract: In order to explore a new way to restore and control the ecological environment of abandoned mines, taking an abandoned mine in Quyang County of Hebei Province as an example, the current environment in the study area was comprehensively investigated by means of topographic mapping, field investigation and geophysical exploration. The research showed that the main environmental problems are the destruction of land resources, the destruction of topography and landscape, air pollution and geological hazards. To eliminate the hidden danger of geological disasters through step-down slope unloading, and then adopt the combination of engineering measures and biological measures for greening. The research results can provide a practical case reference for the ecological environment treatment of abandoned mines.
Key words: Abandoned mine; Control measures; Ecological environment; Environmental governance
廢弃矿山是指历史遗留及责任主体已灭失的矿山统称[1]。我国废弃矿山数量多、成因杂,矿区生态破坏严重[2]。大量的废弃矿山导致当地生态环境恶化,使经济发展受到了严重制约。对废弃矿山开展环境治理,让“白茬山”重披绿衣裳,是践行“两山理念”的重要举措。
矿山周围地质环境和土地资源如何治理恢复,一直是许多矿山企业和国内外研究学者关注的热点问题[3]。近年来,许多学者针对不同类型的废弃矿山治理措施开展了有针对性的研究工作,如废弃煤矿[4-6]、废弃建材类矿[7-11]、废弃铁矿[12]等。综合各类研究成果,矿山环境治理措施主要采取工程措施,如削坡、护坡、场地整治等[13]。
本研究以曲阳县某废弃矿山为对象,分析了存在的矿山环境问题,并提出了有针对性的治理措施,以期为废弃矿山环境治理提供参考。
1 研究区概况……p>
