吴雁冰 张悦 陈思凡 卢云

【摘要】目的：比較非医学专业大学生和医学专业大学生、口腔医学专业中未学正畸课程和已学或正在学习正畸课程大学生的正畸认知情况。方法：选取国内多所高校发放电子问卷，发放问卷2965份，收回问卷2309份，包括男性问卷1010份，女性问卷1299份。排除686份，共1623份进行分析。结果：与非医学专业比较，医学专业大学生不认为自己牙齿会影响日常生活（P<0.01），对正畸治疗很了解的比例显著高于非医学专业大学生（P<0.001），认为正畸治疗能够较大改变容貌（P<0.001），并更关注正畸治疗的因素：如医生技术（P<0.05），治疗费用（P<0.05）以及对日常的影响（P<0.05），更倾向于关注矫治器的治疗效果（P<0.001）、价格（P<0.01）以及金属矫治器（P<0.01）并有更强接受正畸治疗的需求（P<0.01）。除此之外，与未学正畸课程的大学生相比，已学正畸课程大学生认为自己牙齿影响容貌的较少（P<0.001），对正畸治疗不了解的较少（P<0.001），可接受的正畸治疗费用较低（P<0.05）且不在意矫治器的美观（P<0.01），其他未见统计学差异。结论：非医学专业大学生对正畸认知有待进一步提高，今后需加强非医学专业大学生对正畸的认知。

【关键词】口腔;正畸治疗;认知;大学生

[基金项目]国家自然科学基金（81801016）

A  comparative study of orthodontic cognition between non-medical and medical college students.

[Abstract] PURPOSE：To compare the cognition oforthodontics between non-medical college students and medical college students;and between students who have not studied orthodontic course and those who have studied orthodontic course or are studying orthodontic course.METHODS：A number of colleges and universities in China were selected to issue questionnaires.A total of 2965 questionnaires were sent out and 2309 questionnaires were collected including 1010  questionnaires for men and 1299 questionnaires for women .686 cases were excluded and 1623 cases were analyzed. RESULTS：In the comparison between non-medical students and medical students，medical students tended to hold the view that their teeth did not affect their daily lives（P<0.01）.The proportion of medical students who thought they knew a lot about orthodontic treatment was dramatically higher than that of non-medical students（P<0.001）.They also thought the orthodontic treatment could largely improve appearance（P<0.001） and pay more attention to factors of orthodontic treatment such as doctor technical capacity（P<0.05），treatment costs（P<0.05） and impact on daily life（P<0.05）.They preferred to focus on treatment effect（P<0.001），price（P<0.01） and metal  appliance（P<0.01） as well.They also had a stronger desire to accept the orthodontic treatment（P<0.01）. Besides，compared with the students who did not take orthodontic courses，fewer students who have studied orthodontic courses maintained that their teeth affected their appearance（P<0.001） and fewer of them did not know about the orthodontic treatment（P<0.001）.The acceptable cost of orthodontic treatment to the students who have studied orthodontic courses was lower（P<0.05） and they did not care about the beauty of the appliance（P<0.01）.There were no significant difference in other factors.CONCLUSIONS：Non-medical college students’ cognition of their orthodontics needs to be further improved.It is necessary to strengthen the cognition of non-medical college students on their orthodontics in the future.

[Key words]： Oral cavity; Orthodontic treatment;Cognition;College student

错牙合畸形是一种因遗传和环境因素导致的，表现为牙齿排列不齐，上下牙弓牙合关系紊乱，颌骨形态大小位置异常等，可影响患者颅颌面的发育、口腔健康和功能、容貌外观、甚至严重的心理，精神障碍。错牙合畸形具有较高的患病率，但国内的正畸认知程度不高。……