柯文婷 杨梅

摘要科学教育是培养公民科学素养的有效途径。一个人在基础教育阶段所受到的科学教育对其科学素养的形成具有重要意义。由于小学科学课程包含四大领域内容，综合性较强，而大多小学科学教师“所教非所学”的现状，开展小学科学教师培训对提升小学科学教育质量，提升师资队伍专业素养具有重要的现实意义。本文通过实施小学科学教师培训实践，梳理培训的实施流程，总结提升培训针对性和实效性的策略：训前需求诊断，按需施训，培训内容精准化；授课教师多元化，更加注重来自一线的学科专家。培训过程中倡导结构化研讨，激发思维潜能；参与式教学，提高学习兴趣；浸润式研学，体验“科技”魅力。真正将培训中所学的知识与理念内化为学员自己的思想与能力，并最终转化为自己实际课堂教学行为的改变。

关键词 小学科学 教师培训 精准施训

中图分类号：G451文献标识码：ADOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.27.027

Research on Strategies for Enhancing Teaching Ability of Science Teachers in Primary Schools by Training

KE Wenting[1][2]， YANE Mei[1][2]

（[1]Wuhan City Vocational College， Wuhan， Hubei 430070；

[2]Wuhan Children’s Science Education Research Center， Wuhan， Hubei 430070）

AbstractScience education is an effective way to cultivate scientific literacy. Early science education is of great significance to the formation of one’s scientific literacy. Based on the comprehensiveness of primary school science curriculum and the current situation of "what most primary school science teachers teach is not what they learn"， it is of greatpracticalsignificancetocarry out trainingforprimary schoolscience teachers.To carryout primaryschool science teacher training is the practical need to improve the quality of primary school science education and the professional quality of teachers. Based on the practical experience of the implementation of primary school science teacher training， the implementation process of the training is sorted out， and the implementation strategies to improve the pertinences and effectiveness of the training are summarized： pre-training needs diagnosis， training on demand， training content precision； The teaching faculty is diversified， with a greater emphasis on front-line subject experts. In the training process， structured discussion is advocated to stimulate the thinking potential； Participatory teaching， improve learning interest； Infiltrating research， experience the charm of "technology". To truly internalize the knowledge and ideas learned in the training into the students’ own thoughts and abilities， and finally into their actual classroom teaching behavior change.

Keywordsprimary school science； teacher training； precision training

0引言

一個人在基础教育阶段所受到的科学教育对其科学素养的形成具有重要意义。基础教育阶段的科学教育，主要通过义务教育阶段小学科学课程来实施。小学科学是义务教育阶段一门以培养学生科学素养为宗旨的核心课程，在小学课程设置中与其他主要学科一样，具有十分重要的地位。根据《义务教育小学科学课程标准》，小学科学课程是一门基础性课程，对公民科学素养的形成具有重要意义；它是一门实践性课程，探究活动是学生学习科学的重要方式；……