宋威 胡妮 王博韬 朱欣欣

摘 要：目的：调查西安市某高校学生新型冠状肺炎疫苗（简称新冠疫苗）的接种情况及影响因素。方法：采用滚雪球抽样及方便抽样抽取共1026名大学生，采用自编“大学生新冠疫苗接种情况调查表”，通过问卷星进行线上调查。结果：大学生新冠肺炎基本知识合格率为84.99%（872人）。69.69%（715人）学生已接种新冠疫苗，30.31%（311人）未接种新冠疫苗。已接种新冠疫苗学生与未接种学生进行对比，发现研究生疫苗的接种率低于本科生（χ2=11.11， P=0.00），而疫苗接种率在不同性别（χ2=1.15，P=0.30）、专业（χ2=3.20， P=0.07）、新冠知识得分高低（χ2=1.02， P=0.34）、疫情严重程度的感知（χ2=3.78， P=0.29）、疫情的关注情况（χ2=3.99， P=0.14）以及疫情对于个人生活、学习影响的严重程度等方面（χ2=6.21， P=0.10）均无差异。结论：大学生对新冠肺炎基本知识较熟悉。疫苗接种率高于普通人群，但仍有提升空间，应加强社会、学校、家庭的合作，并为学生接种疫苗提供更便利的措施。

关键词：大学生;新型冠状病毒肺炎;疫苗;影响因素

Analysis of novel coronavirus pneumonia vaccination and its influencing factors among college students in Xi'an

SONG Wei et al

School of artificial intelligence， Xidian University， Xi’an， Shaanxi，

710000， China

Abstract Objective： To investigate the vaccination status and influencing factors of new coronal pneumonia （COVID-19） vaccine among college students in Xi'an. Methods： A total of 1026 college students were selected by snowball sampling and convenience sampling， and self-designed questionnaire on vaccination of COVID-19 was used to conduct online survey. Results： 84.99% （872） of the college students have a good understanding of the knowledge of COVID-19. 69.69% （715） college students have been vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine，and 30.31% （311） have not received. Comparing the students who have already received the COVID-19 vaccine with those without vaccination， it is found that the vaccination rate of postgraduates is lower than that of undergraduates （χ2= 11.11， P=0.00）.Therefore， there were no difference between different gender （χ2=1.15， P =0.30）， major （χ2= 3.20， P= 0.07）， well know the knowledge of COVID-19 or not （χ2=1.02， P=0.34）， cognition of the severity of the COVID-19 epidemic （ χ2=3.78， P=0.29）， show solicitude for COVID-19 or not （χ2=3.99， P=0.14） and the different influence of COVID-19 on life and learning （χ2=6.21， P=0.10）. Conclusion： College students novel coronavirus pneumonia is more familiar with basic knowledge. The vaccination rate is higher than that of the general population， but there is still room for improvement. Cooperation among society， school and family should be strengthened and more convenient measures should be provided for students to vaccinate.

Key words： college students; New Coronavirus; pneumonia; Vaccines; influence factor

2019年新型冠狀肺炎（COVID-19，简称新冠肺炎）疫情暴发，并于短时间内席卷全球。2020年1月30日，世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布新冠肺炎疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件[1]。据 WHO 2021年5月24报告，全球新冠肺炎累积确诊病例超过16686万[2]。新冠肺炎传播速度快，防控难度大，影响范围广，是近100年来对人类生命安全和社会经济发展危害最严重的新发传染病[3]。目前，新冠肺炎尚无特效治疗方案，国际社会投入可大量人力及物力进行疫苗的研发及接种。接种疫苗是预防和控制传染病最经济、有效的公共卫生干预措施。……