杨剑波

摘要习近平同志关于发展“高效生态新型农业”的战略思想是我国农耕生态文明传统和现代科学理念相结合的生动体现，是我国现代农业发展的必然选择。我国几千年的农业实践孕育了丰富的生态农业思想，走出了一条“精耕细作、用养结合”的可持续发展的传统农业道路。面对当今工业化和化学农业面临的突出问题，需要从农耕生态文明中吸取经验和智慧，与时俱进，充分运用现代科技成果，走出一条“高效生态新型农业”的发展道路。在明确该认知的基础上，对农业生态文明建设方面的几个突出问题进行了分析讨论。

关键词高效;生态文明;新型农业

中图分类号S-9文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2020）04-0241-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.070

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Efficient Ecological New-type Agriculture is an Inevitable Choice for the Development of Modern Agriculture in China

YANG Jian-bo1，2（1.Anhui Provincial Peoples Government Counsellors Office， Hefei， Anhui 230009;2.Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Hefei， Anhui 230031）

AbstractThe strategic thought of Comrade Xi Jinping on the development of "efficient ecological new-type agriculture" is a lively embodiment of the combination of agricultural ecological civilization tradition and modern scientific concepts in China and also an inevitable choice for the development of modern agriculture in China. Thousands of years of agricultural practice in China has given birth to abundant wealth of ecological agriculture ideas and paved a road for sustainable traditional agriculture featured "intensive and meticulous farming and the combination of utilizing and cultivation". In the face of the outstanding problems of industrialization and chemical agriculture， it is necessary to learn experiences and wisdom from agricultural ecological civilization， keep pace with the times， make full use of modern scientific and technological achievements and pave a new development path of "efficient ecological new-type agriculture". The paper also discusses several prominent problems in the construction of agricultural ecological civilization.

Key wordsEfficiency;Ecological civilization;New-type agriculture

早在2003年，時任浙江省委书记的习近平同志就提出了发展“高效生态新型农业”的战略思想，强调“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念，发表了题为《走高效生态的新型农业现代化道路》的专题文章[1]，系统阐述了发展高效生态新型农业的必要性和前进路径，这是依据我国农业环境资源现状和现代农业发展的客观要求作出的科学判断和正确选择，也是对中华农耕生态文明的自信、继承和发展。

目前，我国农业资源环境承载力已经接近上限，农业生态环境的污染现状堪忧[2-5]。我国化肥使用量已达到安全使用上线的1.93倍，约19.4%的耕地土壤出现不同程度的污染，农业的面源污染已经造成江河湖泊出现了不同程度的富营养化。……