摘 要：“自然人化”作為早期实践美学的核心范畴，是马克思主义实践哲学在美学领域的理论具体化，也是自然向人生成理论的重要确证。“自然人化”规定了美的本质在于自然的人化，也即经由人的实践活动，从自然的感性形式中探索理性规律及功利性价值。在合目的性与合规律性的实践行为中，生发出美的客观性与社会性相统一的规律，从而达到真与美的价值统合。学科范畴的发展形态及内涵演变，带有历史辩证性。当代美学的理论形态，经历了与社会时代发展高度契合的数度转换。从实践美学到生命美学、生态美学，美学的学科本体从人类的实践活动，发展为人类的生命存在，及生态系统的整体存在。自然作为美学研究的重要对象，相应地经历了从实践化的对象性存在，到生命化的感性载体，再到系统性的整生结构。自然人化作为美学理论的核心范畴之一，所包含的自由理想形态也随之动态发展，自由内涵从个体生命的自由解放、类存在的自由实践，到内外身心的自由自在、宇宙与人的自由相合，再到生态个体的自由生长、生态系统的自由整生。可见其范畴内涵的哲学基础，经历了从人类中心主义到生态整体主义的变化。在世界整生的生态大道规约下，自然人化最终与人的自然化对生者耦合，实现人与自然的整生化发展。

关键词：自然人化；实践；生命；生态；自由

Abstract：“Humanization of nature” as the core category of early practice aesthetics is the concrete embodiment of Marx's practical philosophy in the field of aesthetics，and it is also an important confirmation of the generation theory from nature to human. The essence of beauty lies in the humanization of nature， which means exploring the law of reason and utilitarian value through human practices and from the perceptual forms of nature. In human practices in accordance with regularity and purpose generate laws with the integration of objectivity and sociality to achieve the value of truth and beauty. The development of subject category in form and connotation is a process of historical dialectics. The theoretical form of contemporary aesthetics has gone through transformations with the development of society. From practice aesthetics to life aesthetics and ecological aesthetics， the subject of aesthetics develops from the practical activities of human beings to the existence of human beings and of the whole ecosystem. As an important object of aesthetic research， nature has experienced shift from the objective existence of human practices to the perceptual carrier of life， and to the whole systematic structure. “Humanization of nature” is one of the core categories of aesthetics theory. The forms of freedom it includes have developed from the liberation of individual， to practice of human， to the freedom of mind and body， to the integration of human and universe， and to the free growth of the ecological individual and the ecosystem. It can be seen that the philosophical basis of the category connotation has experienced the change from anthropocentrism to ecological holism. In the light of ecological perspective of world development， the humanization of nature and the naturalization of human should be coupled with each other so as to realize the holistic development of man and nature.

Key words： humanization of nature；practice； life；ecology；freedom

“自然人化”作为当代美学的重要学科范畴，是马克思主义美学的主要理论内核，经历了在不同美学形态之下内涵的演变。……