‘紫娟’红茶和‘紫娟’普洱熟茶香气成分的分析
2017-06-12杨雪梅任洪涛罗琼仙
杨雪梅+任洪涛+罗琼仙



摘 要 ‘紫娟红茶、‘紫娟普洱熟茶都是用云南所特有的茶树特异新品种‘紫娟(Camellia. sinensis var. assamica)的新梢加工而成的茶叶创新产品。本文采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)与气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)技术检测了‘紫娟红茶和“紫娟”普洱熟茶香气成分的组成与含量。结果表明:‘紫娟红茶的香气成分由醇、醛、酸、酮、酯、内酯、含氮类和烃类等8类83种化合物组成,在主要的16个组分中,醇类及其氧化产物含量最高,平均含量为62.538%;其次为醛类化合物,平均含量达21.031%。‘紫娟普洱熟茶的香气成分由醇、醛、酸、酮、酯、内酯、酚类、烃类、含氮类和萜烯类等11类101种化合物组成,在主要的21个组分中,甲氧基苯类化合物含量最高,平均含量达19.077%;其次为脂肪酸类化合物,平均含量达12.210%。本研究结果对引导消费者正确认识‘紫娟茶创新产品,促进云南茶产业的供给侧改革具有现实意义。
关键词 ‘紫娟红茶 ;‘紫娟普洱熟茶 ;香气 ;气相色谱-质谱法
中图分类号 S571.1 文献标识码 A Doi:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.05.014
Aromatic Constituents of‘ZijuanBlack Tea and‘ZijuanPu-erh Tea
YANG Xuemei1) REN Hongtao2) LUO Qiongxian3)
ZHAN Qi1) LI Yanli1) Lǚ Caiyou1) LI Jiahua1)
(1 Longrun Pu-erh Tea College, Yunnan Agriculture University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201;
2 Research Institute of Spices, Yunnan Agriculture University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051;
3 Research Institute of Tea, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Menghai, Yunnan 666201)
Abstract ‘ZijuanBlack Tea and ‘ZijuanPu-erh Tea are new products which were made from new shoots of tea 'Zijuan' (Camellia sinensis var. assamica), a unique tea variety in Yunnan province, China. The aroma content and constituents of ‘Zijuanblack tea and ‘ZijuanPu-erh tea were determined by using simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that a total of 83 aromatic compounds were detected in the 'Zijuan' black tea, including alcohols, aldehydes, acids, ketones, esters, lactones, nitrogen compounds and alkenes. Among the 16 potent aroma compounds, the average content of alcohols and their oxidants was 62.538%, followed by aldehyde compounds with an average of 21.031%. A total of 101 aromatic compounds were found in the 'Zijuan' Pu-erh Tea, including alcohols, aldehydes, acids, ketone, esters, lactones, phenols, hydrocarbons, nitrogen and terpenes. Among the 21 potent aroma compounds, the average content of methoxy benzenes was the highest (19.077%), followed by fatty acid compounds (12.210%). These results could guide consumers to recognize the specialty of products of ‘Zijuantea, and promote the supply-side reform of tea industry in Yunnan province.
Keywords ‘Zijuanblack tea ; ‘ZijuanPu-erh tea ; aromatic constituent ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
‘紫娟(Camellia sinensis var. assamica)是云南所特有的茶樹新品种,除含有其他茶叶中所含有的儿茶素、茶氨酸和咖啡碱等生化成分外,花色苷含量高是其特有的品种特征之一。‘紫娟茶中的花青素作为一种天然食用色素,安全、无毒,而且具有一定的营养价值和药理作用,在食品、化妆品、医药等方面有着巨大的应用潜力[1]。但是,用紫芽茶加工的绿茶产品由于品质欠佳等原因,长久以来,新梢呈紫色的茶树(含紫娟)都被认为是不好的品种而遭淘汰。近年来,随着花青素所具有的抗氧化、抗突变及预防眼疾病等多种生理功能的逐渐明晰,花青素含量高的茶叶品种也被作为新的功能性食材得到了消费者的关注和认可[2]。……
